Day 2

Chapter 1, Introductory (Conclusion).

Having last month considered what Mañjuśrī saw innumerable, inconceivable, asamkya kalpas ago, we consider the teaching of the last Sun-Moon-Light Buddha.

“Maitreya, know this! All those Buddhas were called Sun-Moon-­light with the ten epithets. Their expounding of the Dharma was good at the beginning, good in the middle, and good at the end. The last Sun-Moon-Light Buddha was once a king. He had eight sons born to him before he renounced the world. The first son was called Having-Intention; the second, Good-Intention; the third, Infinite-­Intention; the fourth, Treasure-Intention; the fifth, Increasing­-Intention; the sixth, Doubts-Removing-Intention; the seventh, Resounding-Intention; and the eighth, Dharma-Intention. These eight princes had unhindered powers and virtues. Each of them was the ruler of the four continents [of a Sumeru-world]. Having heard that their father had renounced the world and attained Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi, they abdicated from their thrones, and followed their father. They renounced the world, aspired for the Great Vehicle, performed brahma practices, and became teachers of the Dharma. They had already planted the roots of good under ten million Buddhas in their previous existence.

“Thereupon the last Sun-Moon-Light Buddha expounded a Sūtra of the Great Vehicle called the ‘Innumerable Teachings, the Dharma for Bodhisattvas, the Dharma Upheld by the Buddhas.’ Having expounded this sūtra, he sat cross-legged [facing the east] in the midst of the great multitude, and entered into the samādhi for the purport of the innumerable teachings. His body and mind became motionless.

“Thereupon the gods rained mandarava-flowers, maha­-mandarava-flowers, manjusaka-flowers, and maha-manjusaka­flowers upon the Buddha and the great multitude. The world of the Buddha quaked in the six ways. The great multitude of the congregation, which included bhikṣus, bhikṣunīs, upāsakās, upāsikās, gods, dragons, yak􀁳as, gandharvas, asuras, garuḍas, kiṃnaras, mahoragas, men, nonhuman beings, the kings of small countries, and the wheel turning-holy kings, were astonished. They rejoiced, joined their hands together [towards the Buddha], and looked up at him with one mind.

‘Thereupon the Tathagata emitted a ray of light from the white curls between his eyebrows, and illumined all the corners of eighteen thousand Buddha-worlds in the east just as this Buddha is illumining the Buddha-worlds as we see now.

Nichiren wrote in Zuisō Gosho, Writing on Omens concerning the great omens of the Lotus Sūtra:

Grand Master T’ien-t’ai states in his Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sūtra fascicle 6, “It is said in a secular society that a cobweb is an advance notice of a happy event and chirps of a magpie foretell the arrival of a traveler. Even such trifle matters in the secular world are foreshadowed by an omen, how much more so the advent of the Buddhist Dharma. Based on worldly matters, we can conjecture the profound truth of Buddhism.” Thus the Buddha showcased the greatest omens that had never been seen during the more than 40 years in His lifetime when He expounded the theoretical section of the Lotus Sūtra.

Zuisō Gosho, Writing on Omens, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Volume 6, Followers I, Page 122

Nichiren Buddhist Sangha in Oakland practice/discussion Sunday 13th

Altar in Mark Herrick’s Piedmont home where the Oakland Sangha meets
Heading back to Sacramento, having taken Amtrak to Oakland to attend the “Nichiren Buddhist Sangha in Oakland practice/discussion Sunday 13th.” The traditional Nichiren Shu service and discussion meeting was held in the Piedmont home of Mark Herrick. While not as convenient as last November’s service at the Bay Area Thelemic Temple across from the Lake Merritt BART station, it was no trouble getting a Lyft ride to and from the Oakland Jack London Amtrak station.

I would like to find a way to fit regular trips into my practice since I really appreciate the opportunity to take part in Ryuei McCormick’s discussions on Buddhism.

Amtrak waiting to return to Sacramento

Jogo-Noten

There is an important concept relating to karma which is called “Jogo-Noten” It means that even though we have some karmic destiny in our lives and live under the influence of karma, we can change our bad karma with good karma. Usually, we human beings think and make decisions by relying on information acquired with our five senses, such as hearing, seeing and feeling things. However, it seems that the direction of our lives is controlled by imperceptible spiritual forces, rather than perceptible physical forces. Karma is a representative of imperceptible spiritual forces. Perceptible physical forces are just the effects of the spiritual world, thus we cannot notice when we are making bad karma. When the harvest comes, we react, “Why do I have to experience such terrible things? I am quite innocent!” No one thinks they are guilty, and we always try to put the blame on others. If we take this way, our bad karma will never improve.

Summer Writings

Daily Dharma – Jan. 13, 2019

Anyone who keeps this sūtra
Will be able to expound
The meanings of the teachings,
And the names and words [of this sūtra].
Their eloquence will be as boundless
And as unhindered as the wind in the sky.

The Buddha sings these verses to Superior-Practice Bodhisattva (Jōgyo, Viśiṣṭacārītra) in Chapter Twenty-One of the Lotus Sūtra. This teaching transforms us from beings who exist for our own comfort and awakens our true nature as Bodhisattvas: beings who exist for the benefit of all beings. This transition requires that we engage with these other beings and break out of the isolation of our own attachments. The first step is simply to listen, to be present and accept whatever the world has to offer. But at some point we need to speak. It can be difficult to know what to say. But with this Wonderful Dharma of the Lotus Sūtra, we find that because it embodies the Buddha’s highest wisdom, so long as we transmit what it has taught us, we will always have ways to use it to benefit other beings and bring this teaching to life in our world.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

The Sequential Threefold Contemplation

The Mo-ho chih-kuan [Great Calming and Contemplation] explains the “threefold” aspect of this contemplation as follows. First is “entering [the insight of] emptiness from the [viewpoint of] the conventional”; that is, one contemplates the conditioned, dependent nature of all phenomena, which are without permanence or self-essence. From the perspective of this insight, all categories, hierarchies, and boundaries are collapsed; it is a discernment of ultimate equality. The discernment of all phenomena as empty frees one from attachment to desires and intellectual constructs and is said to correspond to the insight of arhats and bodhisattvas of the Tripiṭaka and shared teachings. Next is “entering [insight into] the conventional from [the discernment of] emptiness.” Having discerned the nonsubstantial, contingent nature of things, one cognizes their provisional existence as phenomena arising through dependent origination and is thus able to act in the world in a soteriologically effective way. This discernment reestablishes categories and distinctions, but without biased attachment or false essentializing; it is said to correspond to the wisdom of bodhisattvas of the separate teaching. Last is the “contemplation of the Middle Way that is the supreme meaning.” Here one contemplates phenomena as both empty and provisionally existing, discerning both aspects simultaneously. This is said to correspond to the wisdom of the Buddha and of the perfect teaching. This progression through the three contemplations of emptiness, conventional existence, and the middle described here is called the “sequential threefold contemplation” (tz’u-ti san-kuan, shidai sangan). However, Chih-i defines as superior the contemplation in which all three truths are discerned simultaneously; this is the “perfect and immediate calming and contemplation” (yüan-tun chih-kuan, endon shikan). (Page 177-178)

Original Enlightenment and the Transformation of Medieval Japanese Buddhism


Subtleties in the Three Bodies of the Buddha

Since Buddhahood is the accomplishment of the Buddha, Chih-i relates the effect of Buddhahood with the three Buddhas, and these three Buddhas are in fact different manifestations of one Buddha. In other words, the perfect effect of Buddhahood, i.e., the Threefold Track, is the manifestation of the first three categories of Subtlety. This indicates that the three Subtleties are represented by the three bodies of the Buddha, and these three bodies of the Buddha bear the names of the three Buddhas: Vairocana (P’i-lu-che-na) as dharmakāya represents the Ultimate Subtlety of Objects (Ching-miao Chiu-ching), Rocana (Lu-she-na) as saṃbhogakāya, the Ultimate Subtlety of Knowledge (Chih-miao Chiu-ching), and Śākyamuni (Shih-chia-mou-ni) as nirmāṇakāya, the Ultimate Subtlety of Practice (Hsing-miao Chiu-ching). Vairocana who lives in the Land of Eternity is the Dharma-body (dharmakāya) of the Buddha. Since the dharmakāya is everywhere and reflects true reality (tathatā), Vairocana is taken by Chih-i to represent the Subtlety of Objects as truth. Rocana who sits on the lotus-petal is the Reward-body (saṃbhogakāya) of the Buddha. Since saṃbhogakāya is the dharmakāya in the cosmic world, the former concerns the latter like the knowledge concerns objects as truth. Therefore, Rocana is taken to represent the Subtlety of Knowledge. Śākyamuni who appears in the mundane world to teach and transform living beings is the Transformation-body (nirmāṇakāya) of the Buddha. Since nirmāṇakāya is the function of the saṃbhogakāya, Śākyamuni is taken to represent the Subtlety of Practice. (Vol. 2, Page 265-266)

The Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sutra: Tien-tai Philosophy of Buddhism


Day 1

Day 1 covers the first half of Chapter 1, Introductory

Having last month witnessed the offerings of the sons of the Buddha, we consider the offerings of the Bodhisattvas to stupa-mausoleums.

Mañjuśrī!
Some Bodhisattvas make offerings
To the śarīras of a Buddha
After his extinction.

I also see some sons of the Buddha
Adorning the world of the Buddha
With as many stupa-mausoleums
As there are sands in the River Ganges.

Those stupas of treasures are
Lofty and wonderful.
They are five thousand yojanas high,
And two thousand yojanas wide and deep.

Each of the stupa-mausoleums has
One thousand pairs of banners and streamers.
It also has curtains adorned with gems.
It also has jeweled bells ringing.

Gods, dragons, men, and nonhuman beings
Constantly offer incense, flowers, and music
[To the stupa-mausoleums].

Mañjuśrī!
Those sons of the Buddha
Adorn the stupa-mausoleums
And offer the adornments
To the śarīras [of the Buddha].

The Introduction to the Lotus Sutra offers describes this “Teaching Applicable Throughout the Cosmos“:

First of all, the narrative tells us that the Buddha’s light illuminated the east. Is there any special meaning to the east? One interpretation is that illuminating the east actually illuminating all directions, because the east represents them all. Another idea comes from Sanskrit. As the word purva (“east” in Sanskrit) also means “past” or “origin,” illuminating the east could be interpreted as “illuminating the origin of humanity.” At any rate, the chapter depicts in detail all kinds of spiritual seekers who are illuminated by the ray of light. This symbolizes the universality of the Lotus Sutra, a teaching that is applicable throughout the cosmos.

Introduction to the Lotus Sutra

Only One Practice Going Forward.

These predictions given to various people telling of the future enlightenment and Buddhahood of all these people is referring to the enlightenment attained because of their practice of the Lotus Sutra. The enlightenment of these individuals is not due to their current practices or those practices they have engaged in up to this point. The Buddha is saying basically that they all arrived at this point, in time and faith, by various means but from this point forward their path to Buddhahood is based solely on the single Buddha practices in the Lotus Sutra. While there were a variety of ways to practice to get to this point there is only one practice going forward.

Lecture on the Lotus Sutra

Daily Dharma – Jan. 12, 2019

To see a Buddha is as difficult
As to see an udumbara[-flower].
To avert a misfortune is also difficult.

These verses are sung by two sons of a king in a story told by the Buddha in Chapter Twenty-Seven of the Lotus Sūtra. In the story, the boys have heard the Dharma from a previous Buddha and are asking permission from their parents to leave home and follow that Buddha. The legend of the udumbara flower is that it only blooms every 3000 years. Meeting a Buddha is not to be taken for granted. However, it is still important to remember the ties of our families. Rather than leaving in secret from their home, the sons’ asking permission from their parents creates more benefits. The King and Queen accompany their sons and learn the Wonderful Dharma. As Bodhisattvas it is important to use our relationships wisely as we lead all beings to enlightenment.

The Daily Dharma is produced by the Lexington Nichiren Buddhist Community. To subscribe to the daily emails, visit zenzaizenzai.com

Reversal

“Reversal” may be seen as a subset of correspondence and association; it denotes a case where the identification of two elements functions to invert their conventional meanings. The logic of original enlightenment itself entails precisely this sort of reversal. It proceeds not from cause (practice) to effect (realization) but from effect to cause. Thus, it inverts conventional notions of enlightenment as a linear process of cultivation culminating in eventual realization; rather, enlightenment is held to be inherent, and it is only when based upon this insight that cultivation is considered meaningful. Cultivation then becomes the expression of original enlightenment. It is because of this reversal of conventional perspective that original enlightenment thought has been referred to as representing a “Copernican revolution.” Reversal as an interpretive technique recapitulates this fundamental reversal at the heart of the notion of original enlightenment. (Page 164)

Original Enlightenment and the Transformation of Medieval Japanese Buddhism