Category Archives: LS32

32 Days of the Lotus Sutra

English language versions of the Lotus Sutra divided into 32-parts

See 45 days of the Lotus Sutra


In March 2015, I began my 32 Days of the Lotus Sutra Practice. Mornings I use the Nichiren Buddhist Sangha of Greater New England’s Myoho Renge Kyo Romanized, which provides the shindoku version of the Lotus Sutra divided into 32 parts. Each afternoon, I read aloud the same section of the Lotus Sutra in English. (For more on the value of reciting in shindoku, a reading of the Chinese translation of the Sūtra with a Japanese pronunciation, see The Dharma Sound blog post.)

For the first 40 32-day cycles I used the Third Edition of Senchu Murano’s English translation of the Lotus Sutra. Then I started using alternate translations. After 10 cycles through those, I have returned to Murano.

Beginning July 23, 2019, following my self-styled 21-Day Retreat Encouraged by Universal Sage Bodhisattva, I added the recitation of The Sutra of Contemplation of the Dharma Practice of Universal Sage Bodhisattva (Reeves) following Day 32 and the recitation of the Sutra of Innumerable Meanings before Day 1. Since I don’t have shindoku versions of these sutras, I am reading one half in the morning and the remainder in the evening.

Here I note what I read each day.

Lotus Sutra Text

Current Day

  • Sutra of Innumerable Meanings
  • Day 1 covers the first half of Chapter 1, Introductory [Text]
  • Day 2 completes Chapter 1, Introductory. [Text]
  • Day 3 covers the first half of Chapter 2, Expedients. [Text]
  • Day 4 finishes Chapter 2, Expedients, and completes the First Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus flower of the Wonderful Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 5 begins Chapter 3, A Parable [Text]
  • Day 6 continues Chapter 3, A Parable [Text]
  • Day 7 concludes Chapter 3, A Parable, and begins Chapter 4, Understanding by Faith. [Text]
  • Day 8 concludes Chapter 4, Understanding by Faith, and closes the Second Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 9 covers Chapter 5, The Simile of Herbs, and introduces Chapter 6, Assurance of Future Buddhahood. [Text]
  • Day 10 concludes Chapter 6, Assurance of Future Buddhahood, and opens Chapter 7, The Parable of a Magic City. [Text]
  • Day 11 continues Chapter 7, The Parable of the Magic City [Text]
  • Day 12 concludes Chapter 7, The Parable of the Magic City, and completes the Third Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 13 covers all of Chapter 8, The Assurance of Future Buddhahood of the Five Hundred Disciples. [Text]
  • Day 14 covers all of Chapter 9, The Assurance of Future Buddhahood of the Śrāvakas Who Have Something More to Learn and the Śrāvakas Who Have Nothing More to Learn, and opens Chapter 10, The Teacher of the Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 15 concludes Chapter 10, The Teacher of the Dharma, and opens Chapter 11, Beholding the Stūpa of Treasures. [Text]
  • Day 16 concludes Chapter 11, Beholding the Stupa of Treasures, and completes the Fourth Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 17 covers all of Chapter 12, Devadatta, and opens Chapter 13, Encouragement for Keeping this Sutra. [Text]
  • Day 18 concludes Chapter 13, Encouragement for Keeping this Sutra, and begins Chapter 14, Peaceful Practices. [Text]
  • Day 19 concludes Chapter 14, Peaceful Practices, and begins Chapter 15, The Appearance of Bodhisattvas from Underground. [Text]
  • Day 20 completes Chapter 15, The Appearance of Bodhisattvas from Underground, and concludes the Fifth Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 21 covers all of Chapter 16, The Duration of the Life of the Tathāgata. [Text]
  • Day 22 covers all of Chapter 17, The Variety of Merits. [Text]
  • Day 23 covers all of Chapter 18, The Merits of a Person Who Rejoices at Hearing This Sutra, and opens Chapter 19, The Merits of the Teacher of the Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 24 concludes Chapter 19, The Merits of the Teacher of the Dharma and closes the Sixth Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 25 covers all of Chapter 20, Never-Despising Bodhisattva, and opens Chapter 21, The Supernatural Powers of the Tathāgatas. [Text]
  • Day 26 concludes Chapter 21, The Supernatural Powers of the Tathāgatas, includes Chapter 22, Transmission, and introduces Chapter 23, The Previous Life of Medicine-King Bodhisattva. [Text]
  • Day 27 concludes Chapter 23, The Previous Life of Medicine-King Bodhisattva. [Text]
  • Day 28 covers all of Chapter 24, Wonderful-Voice Bodhisattva, and concludes the Seventh Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma. [Text]
  • Day 29 covers all of Chapter 25, The Universal Gate of World-Voice-Perceiver Bodhisattva. [Text]
  • Day 30 covers all of Chapter 26, Dhāraṇīs [Text]
  • Day 31 covers Chapter 27, King Wonderful-Adornment as the Previous Life of a Bodhisattva. [Text]
  • Day 32 covers Chapter 28, The Encouragement of Universal-Sage Bodhisattva, closing the Eighth Volume of the Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma. [Text]
  • Contemplation of Universal Sage

(For more on what I’m doing and why, see this blog post.)

The Previous Life of Venerable Kāśyapa

The Sūtra of Transmission of the Buddhist Teaching, fascicle 1, speaks of the previous life of Venerable Kāśyapa:

Once upon a time there lived a Brahman named Nyagrodha in the Kingdom of Magadha. Because of the great merit of his good acts for a long time in a previous life… , he was immensely rich and piled up vast wealth in this life. … which was worth a thousand times more than that of the king of Magadha. (…) Although he was very wealthy, he was childless, so the Brahman said to himself, “My days are numbered, but I have nobody to inherit my treasures filled in the warehouse. I wish to have a child.” Thus, the Brahman prayed to the forest god in the neighborhood for good luck of having a child. Having prayed for years without any luck, he became furious and said to the forest god: “I have prayed to you for the last several years to no avail. I am going to pray to you from the bottom of my heart for seven more days. If it does not do any good, I am going to burn down your shrine.” Hearing this, the forest god in agony relayed his problem to the Four Heavenly Kings, who in turn reported the matter to Indra.

Indra looked around all over the world but could not find anyone worthy of being Nyagrodha’s child, so he went to the King of the Brahma Heaven for help. With his divine eye, the King of the Brahma Heaven then closely observed the whole world, finding a heavenly being in the Brahma Heaven who was about to die. The King told him that if he was to be reborn in the human world, he should be born as a child of Nyagrodha Brahman in Jambudvīpa. The dying being answered that he did not want to be reborn in a family of a Brahman because Brahman dharma includes many evil and false views. The King of the Brahma Heaven told him again: “Nyagrodha Brahman is a powerful man of virtue that there is no one in the world worthy to be born as his child. If you are reborn to his family, I will protect you lest you should fall into evil view.” Thereupon the heavenly being in the Brahma Heaven answered, “I will respectfully follow your words.”

The King of the Brahma Heaven then reported the turn of events to Indra, who in turn informed the forest god. Elated by the good news, the forest god called upon the Brahman at home saying, “You should no longer have a grudge against me. Your wish will be fulfilled in seven days. As expected, the wife of the Brahman became pregnant in seven days and gave birth to a baby boy ten months later. (…) This is Venerable Kāśyapa today.

Kangyō Hachiman-shō, Remonstration with Bodhisattva Hachiman, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Doctrine 1, Page 244-245

Choosing Right Time in Practicing Buddhism

To study Buddhism, first of all we must know the right time.

In the past, the Great Universal Wisdom Buddha appeared in the world, but he did not preach at all for as long as ten small kalpa. It is said in the Lotus Sūtra, chapter 7 on “The Parable of a Magic City”: “He sat in meditation for ten small kalpa;” and “Though begged to preach, the Buddha sat in silence because He knew the time was not yet ripe.” Our Lord Śākyamuni Buddha, did not expound the Lotus Sūtra for more than forty years. As said in the Sūtra, chapter 2 on “Expedients,” it was because “the time was not ripe.” Lao-tzu is said to have spent as long as eighty years in his mother’s womb before he was born. Bodhisattva Maitreya, future Lord Buddha of this Sahā World, is expected to stay in the inner chamber of the Tuṣita Heaven (Tōsotsu-ten) for as long as 5,670,000,000 years, waiting for the time to attain perfect enlightenment. As nightingales wait for summer to sing and roosters wait for dawn to crow, even beasts know the time. How much more should we choose the right time in practicing Buddhism?

Senji-shō, Selecting the Right time: A Tract by Nichiren, the Buddha’s Disciple, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Doctrine 1,
Page 172

Believe These Words and Revere Them

The Lotus Sūtra, fascicle 2, the 3rd chapter on “A Parable” states:

“He who does not put faith in this sutra and slanders it, [will commit the sin of exterminating the seed of Buddhahood in all the people in the whole world. Or suppose those who frown at and harbor doubt about the teaching of this sutra… despise, hold in contempt, hate, envy, and bear a deep grudge against those who read, recite, copy, and uphold this sutra. What would such people get in return? You should listen carefully.] Such people will fall into the Hell of Incessant Suffering upon death, [where their suffering will last endlessly, for a kalpa after another… until they fall into the world of beasts becoming a huge serpent as long as 500 yojana in length.]”

The same sūtra, fascicle 7, the 20th chapter on the “Never Despising Bodhisattva” also asserts: “[Some of the four categories of Buddhists (monks, nuns, laymen and laywomen) had impure minds. They got angry, spoke ill of him, saying, ‘Where did this ignorant monk come from?’ They struck him with a stick, a piece of wood, a piece of tile or a stone.] They were tormented in the Hell of Incessant Suffering for as long as 1,000 kalpa for the sin of persecuting a practicer of the Lotus Sūtra.”

The Nirvana Sūtra, too, declares: “If one avoids good teachers who preach the True Dharma and instead takes refuge in false dharmas, one will sink into the Hell of Incessant Sufferings, undergoing all the sufferings with his huge body of 84,000 square yojana.”

Examining many sūtras, we thus see they all regard slandering the True Dharma the most serious crime. How sad it is that people [in Japan] all should wander out of the gate of the True Dharma into the prison of evil dharma! Such ignorance is causing everyone [in Japan, high and low,] to be pulled by the rope of evil teachings and caught forever by the net of slandering the True Dharma! In this life such wanderers are lost in the mist of delusions; in the next life they will sink to the bottom of flaming hell. How sad it is! How terrible it is!

You should promptly discard your false faith and take up the true and sole teaching of the Lotus Sūtra at once. Then this triple world of the unenlightened will all become Buddha lands. Will Buddha lands ever decay? All the worlds in the universe will become Pure Lands. Will Pure Lands ever be destroyed? When our country does not decay and the world is not destroyed, our bodies will be safe and our hearts tranquil. Believe these words and revere them!

Risshō Ankoku-ron, Treatise on Spreading Peace Throughout the Country by Establishing the True Dharma, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Doctrine 1, Pages 128-129

Attainment of Buddhahood by All Females

To begin with, in the sūtras numbering more than 5,000 or 7,000 fascicles expounded by Śākyamuni Buddha during His lifetime, women are discriminated against for being unable to attain Buddhahood. Only in the Lotus Sūtra, however, is it preached that women, too, can attain Buddhahood.

Grand Master T’ien-t’ai stated in his Words and Phrases of the Lotus Sūtra, “Prediction of future Buddhahood is not given to women.” This means that all the Buddhist scriptures except the Lotus Sūtra do not recognize the attainment of Buddhahood by women. Following the statement just cited, Grand Master T’ien t’ai declares, “In this sūtra, the prediction of future Buddhahood is given to all.” This means that through the merit of the Lotus Sūtra even a dragon girl attained Buddhahood and the attainment of Buddhahood by all females is guaranteed in the sūtra.

Grand Master T’ien-t’ai Chih-che was born in China 1,500 years after the passing of Śākyamuni Buddha. He read all the scriptures of Buddhism as many as 15 times thereby discovering that no sūtra except the Lotus Sūtra expounds the attainment of Buddhahood by women. Grand Master Miao-lê interprets this in his Annotations on the Words and Phrases of the Lotus Sūtra, “Attainment of Buddhahood by women is not preached in any other sūtra except the Lotus Sūtra.” This means that the concept of attaining Buddhahood by women preached in the Lotus Sūtra is not found in any other Buddhist scriptures.

Thus, the Lotus Sūtra is like the moon among stars, a king among people, Mt. Sumeru among mountains, or an ocean among bodies of water. As it is preached in this admirable sūtra that women can become Buddhas, how can it bother you that this is denied in all other sūtras? For instance, if one is spoken ill of by such unworthy people as thieves, prowlers, robbers, beggars, or lepers, but spoken highly of by the great king of a country, how happy one will be!

Nichigen-nyo Shakabutsu Kuyōji, Construction of a Statue of Śākyamuni Buddha by Lady Nichigen, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Volume 7, Followers II, Page 125

Buddhism and Actual Affairs in the World

The first fascicle of the Lotus Sūtra, “Expedients” chapter, discusses the ultimate reality of all phenomena, stating that each phenomenon is equipped with the nine factors — form, nature, substance, function, action, cause, condition, effect, and reward, all of which from the beginning (form) to the end (reward) are in perfect harmony — and that this ultimate reality of all phenomena is understood only by Buddhas. These words of the Buddha confirm the inseparability of the Buddhist teachings from the reality of the world. In this phrase “all of which from the beginning to the end are in perfect harmony,” the beginning indicates the root of evil and virtue, while the end indicates the conclusion of such evil and virtue. He who is thoroughly awakened with the principle of causality from the root of the evil and virtue to their branches and leaves is the Buddha.

Citing other documentary records on this subject, Grand Master T’ien-t’ai states, “A mind is equipped with ten dharma-realms.” Grand Master Chang-an declares, “The Buddha regarded this as the ultimate reason for appearing in this world. How can it easily be understood?” Miao-lê states, “This is the ultimate and supreme theory.” The Lotus Sūtra, in the “Merits of the Teacher of the Dharma” chapter preaches, “What is said by the Buddha does not contradict ultimate reality.” Grand Master T’ien-t’ai, interprets it in this way: “None of the family businesses and occupations in the world contradict the ultimate reality”

A sage does not practice Buddhism without regards to the actual affairs in the world, and a Buddhist who is thoroughly aware of the principle of governing the world is called a sage.

Chie Bōkoku Gosho, Evil Wisdom Destroying the Country, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Volume 7, Followers II, Page 86

The Voice-Hearer

The voice-hearer (śrāvaka) refers to disciples of the Buddha such as Śāriputra and Kāśyapa. They observed the 250 precepts and practiced the supra-worldly meditation. Moreover, they contemplated the truths of suffering, emptiness, impermanence, and self-effacement; completely eliminated the delusions arising from false views and thoughts; and mastered the supernatural power of being in water and fire. Therefore, they were able to make even the King of the Mahābrahman Heaven and Indra their followers.

Hōren-shō, Letter to Hōren, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Volume 6, Followers I, Page 48

The Most Serious Sins Ever to Appear

There will be a person who abuses the Buddha physically, verbally, and mentally for as long as a kalpa like Devadatta. The Buddha was the crown prince of King Śuddhodana while Devadatta was a prince of Doroṇodana, and therefore the Buddha and Devadatta were first cousins. In the past as well as today, among sages as well as ordinary people, a breakdown of human relations arises more often from the dispute over women than anything else. When Śākyamuni Buddha was Crown Prince Siddhārtha, Devadatta was also a crown prince. Minister Ya’o had a daughter called Yaśodharā, who was the most beautiful girl in the whole India, and whose beauty was known throughout the world. As Crown Prince Siddhārtha and Devadatta fought for her hand, their relationship turned sour. Thereafter, Prince Siddhārtha entered the priesthood becoming the Buddha, and Devadatta, too, entered the priesthood under the guidance of Monk Sūdra. As the Buddha observed the 250 precepts and maintained the 3,000 proper demeanors of a priest, all the heavenly beings and the people adored and respected Him. However, no one respected Devadatta, causing him to ponder over a way to win a better reputation than the Buddha among the people in the world. In the end Devadatta began to assert that there were five points that proved that he should be more respected than the Buddha. It is preached in the Fourfold Precepts that a Buddhist monk should always 1. wear a robe made of rags; 2. beg for alms; 3. take a meal only once a day; 4. sit in the open; and 5. not take the five kinds of seasoning such as salt. Thus Devadatta publicized them saying, “The Buddha accepts the robes donated by people, but I wear a robe made of ragged pieces of cloth; the Buddha takes the food offered by people, but I have to beg for alms to feed myself; the Buddha has a meal three times a day, but I have it only once a day; the Buddha takes a rest in the shade of a rock or under a tree, but I, Devadatta, always sit in the open during the day; and the Buddha sometimes tastes the five kinds of flavors (sour, bitter, sweet, peppery, and salty), but I have never taken them.” As a result the people in the world were led to believe that Devadatta was incomparably superior to the Buddha.

While Devadatta was trying to demean the Buddha’s reputation, King Bimbisāra in Magadha, a follower of the Buddha, was sending 500 wagons full of donations to the Buddha and his disciples every day without fail for several years. Envious of this royal donation, Devadatta incited Crown Prince Ajātaśatru to murder his own father, King Bimbisāra, while he himself tried to kill the Buddha by hurling a rock at Him. His act of trying to kill the Buddha with a rock constitutes committing the sin of an evil physical act; while accusing the Buddha of deceiving people is an evil verbal act; and thinking of the Buddha as a loathsome enemy from a previous life is an evil mental act. The evil acts of Devadatta, consisting of physical, verbal, and mental acts, are the most serious sins ever to appear.

Hōren-shō, Letter to Hōren, Writings of Nichiren Shōnin, Volume 6, Followers I, Page 45-46

Higan: 10 Advantages of Dhyāna

Today is the sixth day of Higan week, the three days before the equinox and the three days after. As explained in a Nichiren Shu brochure:

For Buddhists, this period is not just one characterized by days with almost equal portions of light and dark. Rather, it is a period in which we strive to consciously reflect upon ourselves and our deeds.

The today we consider the Perfection of Dhyāna. For this Fall Higan week I’m using Hsuan Hua‘s commentary on the Lotus Sutra in which he discusses the 10 advantages of each pāramitā.

There are also ten advantages of investigating dhyāna.

  1. One will settle oneself in the ritual. You investigate dhyāna through meditation moment by moment, hour by hour, day by day, month by month, and year by year. In the Chan hall, the meditation periods are regulated. This common practice becomes a routine. In the Chan hall, you sit for a while, then you walk, then you run. When it’s time to run, someone calls out, “Run!” Then you run until you’re sweating and so engrossed in the moment that you can’t even see the sky above, the earth below, or the people in between. Everyone seems to have disappeared. Where did they go? They’re gone – but they’re not lost! Why does this happen? You’ve lost track of your self. There’s no more “me.” You’ve run to the point that you’ve lost the notion of self and others. At this point you can contemplate with ease. Since there isn’t any self, you don’t have any false thinking about self; since there aren’t any people, you don’t have any false thinking about them. This state, called contemplating at ease, is described in the following line of verse:
     
    When neither emptiness nor form exists,
    One sees the Tathagata.
     
    The Buddha dwells neither in emptiness nor in existence. If you can perceive the Buddha’s Dharma body as being neither nonexistent nor existent, you’ll see the Tathagata’s Dharma body.
  2. One will practice the attitude of compassion. Being compassionate doesn’t mean being nice to people. It means that you gather people in and transform them with compassion. But if you encounter stubborn people, you may use your compassion to scold or beat them to get them to become awakened. People may be hit in the Chan hall, but it’s not what you usually think of as getting hit. People are hit so that they’ll quit false thinking and become awakened. This isn’t unusual; it’s done so that people will be good and follow the rules. This is practicing the attitude of compassion.
  3. One will have no regrets or afflictions. Afflictions arise when there’s regret.
  4. One will guard the six sense faculties. Why do you guard your six sense faculties? If you don’t guard them, they’ll run off. Where to? The eyes will run after forms, the ears after sounds, the nose after scents, the tongue after flavors, the body after tangible objects, and the mind after mental objects. When the six sense faculties are well guarded, a light will emanate from the gates of these faculties, causing the earth to quake. Why do you emit light? Because you stop having false thoughts; therefore, your wisdom light comes forth and shines upon everything in the trichiliocosm.
  5. One will attain bliss even in the absence of food. People who investigate dhyāna take dhyāna bliss as nourishment and are filled with Dharma joy. They can go without food and still be full of joy. When one’s meditation progresses to the point where one doesn’t need to eat and doesn’t feel hungry at all, one has attained this advantage. Such a person can go without food and still be happy; he’s nourished by investigating dhyāna.
  6. One will leave love and desire behind. When the mind is apart from desire and love, it’s pure. Love and desire are defilement; defilement leads to birth and death. Why do we human beings undergo birth and death? Because we haven’t cut off love and desire. Why do most people keep revolving in the six paths of rebirth and fail to end birth and death? Again, because they haven’t managed to cut off their love and desire. Until you cut off love and desire, you won’t be able to end birth and death and will continue to revolve in the six paths of rebirth. If you can free yourself from love and desire, you’ll close the gates to the hells.
  7. One’s cultivation of dhyāna will not be in vain. If your cultivation of dhyāna will not be in vain, does it mean something will come into being? The only fear is that you won’t cultivate dhyāna. If you cultivate dhyāna, your effort will not be in vain. If one sits in meditation for one hour, one’s wisdom life will increase by one hour. If one sits in meditation for two hours, one’s wisdom life will increase by two hours. If one continues to investigate dhyāna at every moment, day by day, month by month, year by year, one will certainly develop great wisdom.
  8. One will be released from demonic influences. One can be liberated from demonic obstruction. Demons will have no way to obstruct you.
  9. One will peacefully abide in the states of a Buddha. One can attain this advantage by constantly investigating dhyāna.
  10. One will attain perfect liberation. Everyone wishes for this advantage. When you reach this maturation of liberation,
Hsuan Hua Lotus Sutra Commentary, v8, p158-160

Yoshiro Tamura: The Four Kinds of Normative Conduct

Chapter 28 teaches the four kinds of normative conduct appropriate to the Lotus Sutra: securing the protection of the Buddha, planting roots of goodness, joining a good congregation, and resolving to save all beings. It then teaches in various ways the protection of followers of the Lotus Sutra through the grace of the Bodhisattva Universal Sage (Samantabhadra), which in turn became Universal Sage’s vow to practice the faith.

The Lotus Sutra itself comes to an end here. Yet the Sutra of Contemplation of the Dharma Practice of Universal Sage Bodhisattva (which is in line with chapter 28 of the Lotus Sutra) immediately follows, and has been taken as the concluding sutra of the Lotus Sutra, just as the Sutra of Innumerable Meanings (in line with on the “innumerable meanings” found in chapter 1) was placed at the beginning of the Lotus Sutra and regarded as its opening sutra. The three sutras taken together are called “The Threefold Lotus Sutra.” The Contemplation of Universal Sage Sutra emphasizes the vow of Universal Sage to practice the faith, or the repentance part of his meditation on practice. The theory of reality repentance found in this sutra especially has received much attention. Reality repentance is the teaching that:

The whole ocean of hindrances from past actions
Arises from illusion.
If you want to repent, you should sit upright
And reflect on the true nature of things.
All sins are like frost and dew.
The sun of wisdom can dissipate them.

Here the key point has to do with meditation on emptiness. In other words:

What is sin? What is virtue? As the thought of self is itself empty, neither sin nor virtue is our master.

It recommends that:

You should recite the Great Vehicle
And meditate on the emptiness and formlessness of things . . .

The sutra itself calls this “repentance without Sin.”
This “repentance without sin” was later misunderstood to mean that there is neither sin nor evil. But originally it was based on being captivated by sin or evil, and it advocates getting rid of such captivation through meditation on emptiness. Tiantai Zhiyi created the Lotus samadhi or meditation on the basis of this reality repentance.

Yoshiro Tamura, "Introduction to the Lotus Sutra", p100-101

Yoshiro Tamura: The Difficulty in Meeting A Buddha

Chapter 27 tells a story about two princes who converted their father, a non-Buddhist king, to faith in the Lotus Sutra. These words are often quoted from it:

A buddha is as difficult to meet as an udumbara flower, or as a one-eyed tortoise meeting the hole in a floating log.

Yoshiro Tamura, "Introduction to the Lotus Sutra", p100