Category Archives: Blog

Please Don’t Take My Toys

Gemini_Generated_Image_playing-go
Gemini_Generated_Image_playing-go

I woke today an hour early. An hour lost. Why did I lose that hour? AI. Artificial intelligence has become such a topic of discussion that even Rev. Kenjo Igarashi spent his Sunday Dharma talk at the Sacramento Nichiren Buddhist Church railing against the failings of AI.

This is all wildly misdirected.

Here’s how AI (Google Gemini) explains Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science dedicated to creating systems capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. These tasks include learning from experience, recognizing patterns, understanding natural language, solving complex problems, and making decisions.

Rather than a single technology, AI is an umbrella term that encompasses several distinct approaches and capabilities.

And what constitutes “Human Intelligence”? Again, Gemini explains:

Human intelligence is typically defined by five core dimensions that AI cannot fully replicate:

The 5 Dimensions of Human Intelligence

  • General Adaptability (Contextual Learning): Humans can learn a concept in one domain and immediately apply it to a completely unrelated situation (transfer learning). A human can read a book about leadership and use those insights to resolve a dispute between friends. Current AI requires specific retraining or prompt adjustments to switch contexts.
  • Intuition and Common Sense: Humans possess a massive, unwritten database of “how the world works” acquired through physical existence. We instantly know that an open umbrella won’t protect us from a falling bowling ball, or that a crying person might need space rather than logic. AI lacks this lived experience and must approximate it through statistical patterns in text and media.
  • Emotional Intelligence (EQ) and Empathy: Human intelligence includes the ability to feel, interpret, and mirror the emotions of others, as well as understand our own internal motivations. AI can simulate empathy by generating comforting words, but it does not experience emotional states or genuine interpersonal connection.
  • Intrinsic Motivation and Intentionality: Humans act out of desires, survival instincts, curiosity, and existential purpose. We decide what goals are worth pursuing. AI has no intrinsic intent; it is entirely reactive, executing tasks based on external prompts, reward functions, or objectives programmed by humans.
  • True Creativity and Innovation: While AI can recombine existing data into novel configurations (generative AI), human intelligence can create entirely new paradigms, art movements, or scientific theories out of emotional breakthroughs, existential crises, or accidental observations.

So, when Rev. Igarashi was telling the story of how the “AI” tool he uses to send his propagation report to Nichiren Shu headquarters in Japan doesn’t identify the correct kanji character for the word “propagation”, what was the lesson his listeners were supposed to take away about Artificial Intelligence?

I’m a technology early adopter. I think I inherited it from my father, who was a pioneer in computer hardware engineering and inertial guidance systems. When dial-up Internet access first became available in Sacramento in 1993, I signed up immediately. I loved the concept of meeting and interacting with people around the world. I spent many hours at night online playing Go with players in Asia.

I’ve taken a similar attitude toward the tools that have become available in the very short period since the first modern “Generative AI” app launched in 2022.

Notice that what I like – what really attracts my attention – is the tools that take advantage of generative artificial intelligence.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman has coined the phrase “Revenge of the idea guys.” In the world of Silicon Valley startups before AI, the idea guys were the people who had great ideas but lacked the skills to implement them. Now, with the tools becoming available through Artificial Intelligence, the idea guys are suddenly able to put their ideas to work by themselves.

I’m an idea guy.

Using Google’s Gemini Notebook I am able to use generative AI to digest and interpret the writings of Nichiren Shonin, the academic papers published on the topic and the brochures and other publications of Nichiren Shu. I’ve uploaded several translations of the Lotus Sutra and commentaries to gain better understanding of the Lotus Sutra. When I ask questions, the answers come from these curated sources.

Each day I use Gemini’s image generator, Nano Banana, to create an illustration for that day’s Daily Dharma lesson. The image isn’t essential, I just think it gives the lesson an added dimension.

Google’s suite of AI tools have allowed me to gather together resources to create these websites:

Diamond Patho of Daimoku Dharma Storybooks header

Yes. These tools can make mistakes. These are still machines and if you don’t specify exactly what you want, they can make things up. Conversely, when you want to imagine something out of the ordinary they balk. I still can’t get Google’s Nano Banana to draw Universal Sage’s Six-Tusked White Elephant with six tusks. It just can’t do it.

What really bothers me about all this “AI is bad” talk, is that they might take away my toys.

The Publisher, The Editor and the Writer

publisher-editor-writer

My name is John Hughes. I am the publisher and the editor of this publication, 500 Yojanas. I employ Google’s Gemini Notebook to write essays on topics I wish to study. I pay a monthly salary for my writer’s services.

Gemini Notebook
The Writer, Gemini Notebook

My writer is not free to make up any story it wants. Instead, I, as the editor and publisher, select the sources it should consult. I also give guidance on the tone to be taken and the persona to be displayed in the writing. I ask the question and I judge whether the answer is complete and correct. There’s often some back-and-forth between the editor and the writer before the essay is finished. After accepting the essay, I enforce my style preferences. For example, I recently decided to strictly limit the use of “Law” as a synonym for the Dharma. References to the Latter Day of the Law, mappō, are changed to Latter Day of the Dharma. Just my current preference.

500 Yojanas also has a part-time copy editor. She has held this position for more than 36 years. It is always good to have a second set of eyes review the essays before publication. She has saved 500 Yojanas from much embarrassment caused by typos and made many of the essays much more readable with her suggestions.

Yesterday, 500 Yojanas completed its coverage of Pāramitā Week, the twice-a-year seven days during which Nichiren Buddhists mark the Equinox. The essays published this past week offer a good example of this working relationship between the editor-publisher and the writer.

My Nichiren Notebook currently has 111 sources available for the writer’s use in answering my queries. For this Pāramitā Week, I turned off all but nine of those sources. All that the writer had to work with were the letters written by Nichiren that I uploaded in batches of 50 and a collection of quotes I put together after reading the seven volumes of Nichiren Shu’s translation of these writings.

The academic papers and the brochures published by Nichiren Shu that I have uploaded the Nichiren Notebook were not available and therefore did not influence the writer’s answers. But the absence of those sources meant that modern concerns about Nichiren’s teachings were also absent.

Consider the response to the question, “What did Nichiren have to say about charity?” That essay was published on September 19 under the headline, “Nichiren Shōnin on the Essence of True Charity.”

Missing from the 800 word essay was the final point that the writer sought to make. Here’s the deleted content:

The Absolute Prohibition of Almsgiving to Slanderers of the Law
Finally, Nichiren Shōnin issues a strict warning regarding the direction of one’s charity. While you should offer alms compassionately, it is strictly forbidden to give alms or financial support to those who slander the Lotus Sutra.

Whether a priest observes the precepts, breaks them, or lacks them entirely, if that person slanders the True Dharma (such as the teachers of the Zen, True Word, or Nembutsu schools), extending support to them is highly dangerous. He compares this to planting good seeds in a bad, infertile field, which only ruins the seeds and brings loss.

Nichiren Shōnin notes that giving alms to those who distort the Buddha’s ultimate intent robs the benevolent guardian deities of the “flavor of the Law,” causing them to abandon the nation. Consequently, supporting slanderers invites the “three calamities and seven disasters” upon the land, and the person who gives such alms will surely fall into the great citadel of the hell of incessant suffering.

True charity, therefore, must always be directed toward the correct teaching and its practitioners, ensuring that the seeds of your goodness are sown in the fertile field of the Lotus Sutra.

This is a good example of where what Nichiren wrote and taught doesn’t always translate into what most modern Nichiren followers believe and teach. Limited to just Nichiren’s letters and without the historical context of The Fujufuse Controversy, the writer answered to the best of its ability. I, as the editor, decided to lop off the offending appendage rather than try to explain why this is no longer the position of most Nichiren Buddhists. (I will publish my writer’s explanation of The Fujufuse Controversy tomorrow.)

A similar editing decision was required the next day. The essay “Nichiren Shonin’s Dynamic Moral Path” originally concluded with this:

Active Compassion: Confronting Slander of the Law
Finally, Nichiren’s moral teaching establishes that passive silence in the face of spiritual error is a severe moral failure. True compassion is not a polite, non-confrontational stance that allows others to remain in delusion.

Citing the Nirvana Sutra, Nichiren Shōnin warns that if a priest or layperson sees someone destroying the Buddha’s teachings and fails to reproach, oust, or correct them, that person is actually betraying the Buddha and acting as a mortal enemy to the very people they pretend to tolerate.

Quoting the Great Teacher Chang-an, the writings assert: “One who rids the offender of evil is acting as his parent.”. Therefore, the active and courageous refutation of erroneous teachings (shakubuku) is the highest moral duty of compassion in the Latter Day of the Law, aimed at guiding people away from the heavy karmic suffering of the Avichi hell and placing them firmly on the path of immediate awakening.

Again, without access to modern academic papers or Nichiren Shu brochures, the writer accurately rendered Nichiren’s teaching. Missing is the modern context. We work and live in a much different world than 13th century Japan. After I publish the writer’s explanation of Fujufuse, I will publish the writer’s “The Evolution of Compassion in Modern Nichiren Shū Practice.”

Tomorrow: The Fujufuse Controversy

Nichiren Shōnin’s Teachings on the Six Perfections

Back in March, at the conclusion of the Spring Higan, I created an infographic explaining the Six Perfections. This infographic was generated by Google’s Gemini Notebook from what Chinese Master Hsuan Hua said about the six perfections and their four  corresponding factors in the Devadatta Chapter of his commentary on the Lotus Sutra.

six-paramitas-virtues-awakening
six-paramitas-virtues-awakening

That was then. Now I have a very different perspective on the six perfections and, in particular, their role in Nichiren Buddhism.

I started marking the full Higan week back in March 2021. At the time I explained:

Higan is traditionally a week-long practice, with the three days before and the three days after the Equinox devoted to the six paramitas and the Equinox devoted to memorials for the dead. As I have learned from Rev. Igarashi, at the Equinox the veil between this world and the spiritual world is at its thinnest.

I say “traditionally” three days before and after the Equinox focus on the six paramitas, but I am unable to find any American priest who actually performs week-long services or other observations as part of Higan. So, here I am. I’m creating my own Higan week observance with two, month-long introductions. In future years I envision devoting just the week around the Spring and Fall Equinoxes to the six paramitas and a memorial service.

And every Spring and Fall Equinox since I have posted material related to the six paramitas the three days before and the three days after.  I was motivated by a feeling that  there just wasn’t enough focus on being good Buddhists, of acting in ways that showed charity, morality, patience, vigor, meditation and wisdom.

But my recent series of articles on the Faith and Practice in Nichiren Buddhism was, frankly, an eye opener for me.

The Faith and Practice in Nichiren Buddhism articles were an outgrowth of my Diamond Path of Daimoku project, which had a very simple objective:

The goal has been to provide an introduction into the nature and power of the Odaimoku. This project seeks to show that chanting Namu-Myoho-Renge-Kyo can change everything – you, your family, your environment, all with “Actual Proof.”

With the help of Google’s Gemini Notebook, I was able to digest a pile of academic papers, Nichiren Shu brochures and Nichiren’s own writings. Well, Gemini Notebook did the actual digesting, but the answers I received from the Gemini Notebook helped me understand how and why my focus on the six perfections was misplaced and how I had not really understood what Nichiren taught about the Lotus Sutra and the power of the Daimoku.

gemini notebook logo
Below is an essay generated by Google’s Gemini Notebook and then edited for publication here. The sources used by Gemini Notebook were limited to just the 400 or so letters Nichiren wrote. None of the Nichiren Shu brochures or academic interpretations were used in this assessment of Nichiren’s teaching on the perfections. This summation of what Nichiren wrote has been edited by me. While I did not substantially change what the original Gemini Notebook essay said, what I’ve published should be considered my interpretation. The original essay is available among the artifacts in the Nichiren Notebook.


In the teachings of Nichiren Shōnin, the six paramitas—charity (almsgiving), keeping the precepts, forbearance (patience), effort (assiduousness), meditation, and wisdom—are understood not as a ladder of gradual, self-directed cultivation, but as a complete set of virtues that are already perfectly realized and accessible to you through the Lotus Sutra.

By shifting the focus from arduous personal discipline to the single-minded practice of faith, Nichiren reveals how the merit of all six paramitas is naturally transferred to your life.

Definition of the Six Paramitas in the Lotus Sutra

In the Kaimoku-shō (Open Your Eyes to the Lotus Teaching), Nichiren Shōnin explains that the Sanskrit name for the Lotus Sutra, Saddharma-puṇḍarīka-sūtra, begins with the word sad (translated as myō, or “wonderful,” in Chinese). The word myō represents gusoku, or “perfect endowment,” while the word sad also connotes “six,” referring directly to the six paramitas representing all the ten thousand practices of the bodhisattvas.

When the great bodhisattvas and voice-hearers in the assembly expressed their desire to know how a bodhisattva could fulfill the six paramitas to obtain Buddhahood, Śākyamuni Buddha revealed that the ultimate path of these practices is entirely contained within the Lotus Sutra.

‘Natural Transfer’

In traditional, gradual Buddhism, a practitioner was expected to perform the six paramitas over countless lifetimes to slowly erase defilements and accumulate merit. However, Nichiren taught that Śākyamuni Buddha already completed these causal practices on your behalf. All the merits of the Buddha’s eon-spanning discipline are perfectly compressed and contained within the five characters of Myō-hō-ren-ge-kyō.

To illustrate this, Nichiren recounts the dramatic past lives of the Buddha, demonstrating how he perfected each paramita:

  • Almsgiving (Charity / Dāna): As Prince Sattva, the Buddha offered his body to feed a starving tigress, and as King Shibi, he offered his own flesh to a hawk to save a dove.
  • Keeping the Precepts (Śīla): As King Shrutasoma, he refused to violate the precept of keeping his word, returning to his captor even when it meant facing execution.
  • Forbearance (Patience / Kṣānti): As the ascetic Forbearance, he patiently and lovingly endured having his limbs, ears, and nose hacked off by the enraged King Kāli of Varanasi, refusing to harbor any anger.
  • Effort (Assiduousness / Vīrya): As Prince Earnest Donor (Prince Dāna), he tirelessly braved the great oceans to find a wish-granting jewel to relieve the poverty of all people.
  • Meditation (Dhyāna): As the Hermit Shōjari, he sat in such perfect, unmoving concentration that he did not stir even when a heron laid its eggs on his head and he waited for them to hatch.

Although ordinary people in the Latter Day of the Dharma have not formed a single good cause, by simply placing faith in the Odaimoku, you spontaneously receive the exact same benefits as if you had completed all these practices yourself. Nichiren compares this to a baby drinking its mother’s milk. The infant does not understand the biological formulas or ingredients of the milk, yet by swallowing it, the baby’s life is naturally sustained and nurtured. In the same way, the Buddha feeds all living beings with the milk of his own paramita practices transformed into the characters of the Lotus Sutra.

Restrictions for Beginners

For followers of the Lotus Sutra in the Latter Day of the Dharma, Nichiren Shōnin puts forward a profound instruction: beginners are actually restricted from attempting to practice the first five paramitas (such as almsgiving and keeping precepts).

In his treatise On the Four Stages of Faith and the Five Stages of Practice (Shishin Gohon-shō), he explains that trying to divide one’s focus between the primary practice of faith and subordinate, external practices will dilute and obstruct a beginner’s path. He cites the Great Teacher T’ien-t’ai’s warning from the Words and Phrases of the Lotus Sutra:

“The beginner is afraid that getting drawn into the myriad activities that are supporting conditions [the five paramitas] will hinder their practice of right action. At this time, they should solely uphold this sutra…”

To clarify this, Nichiren compares a beginner trying to practice the paramitas to a small, fragile ship loaded with heavy gold and silver treasures. When hit by the turbulent waves of the world, both the ship and the heavy treasures will sink. Therefore, you are instructed to set aside formal, external practices and single-mindedly focus on the primary practice of chanting the Odaimoku.

The Surpassing Benefits of Faith

This focus on faith does not mean you lack the merits of the paramitas; rather, they are automatically provided to you. Nichiren points to the Immeasurable Meanings Sutra as proof:

“Although they have not yet been able to practice the six pāramitās, the six pāramitās will of themselves appear before them.”

By holding fast to the Odaimoku, ordinary people are recognized as bodhisattvas who have completely accomplished all the paramitas and kept all the precepts without physically needing to perform them.

Furthermore, the Distinctions in Benefits chapter of the Lotus Sutra declares that the benefit of arousing even a single moment of belief and understanding upon hearing the sutra far surpasses the benefit of practicing five paramitas for eighty million billion kalpas. By prioritizing faith and placing the Odaimoku at the center of your life, you are immediately aligned with the complete, perfect virtues of Śākyamuni Buddha.


For the three days before the Fall Equinox and the three days after I will be publishing essays on what Nichiren said about each of the perfections.

Tomorrow: Nichiren Shōnin on the Essence of True Charity

Lotus Sutra Study Web with seven new languages

Example of Lotus Sutra Study site with non-English wording

I’ve completed the translation of the Lotus Sutra Study Web content into seven additional languages – German, Spanish, French, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese and Portuguese.

When you arrive at the Lotus Sutra Study Web and select a language from the buttons at the top of the page, all of the site will appear in that language. (You can change the current language at any time.)

This works with the shared quizzes as well. Here’s a 10 question Portuguese quiz.

Changing the language on an existing quiz URL is simple. Just add “&lang=pt” to the end of the URL. Here’s the language key:

German: de
Spanish: es
French: fr
Indonesian: id
Italian: it
Japanese: ja
Portuguese: pt

If no language is specified, the site defaults to English, en.

Testing Your Lotus Sutra IQ

Lotus Sutra Study web page

Back in August I announced the opening of my Lotus Sutra Study website, which at the time included three drag-and-drop matching contests and a Never-Despising Bodhisattva-inspired arcade game.

Today, I’m announcing two new features.

Verses matching example

Where Did I Read That?

As in the Chapter Titles, Eight Parables and Prophecy Predictor challenges, you must drag something to the chapter it which it belongs. In this case, these are verses from the Lotus Sutra.

The challenge starts off with what should be the easier quotes. These are all from the first paragraph of each chapter. There are three additional levels. This is a timed contest in which the quickest perfect score is recorded. You can pause and save your place at the end of each level, but this will only work if you return to the page using the same browser. If you go from mobile to desktop or vice versa, you’ll need to manually select the level where you left off.

If you try and fail to correctly match a quote three times you are given the correct answer and forced to start the level over again before advancing.

Test Your Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

This section is a multiple-choice test of the entire Threefold Lotus Sutra – 320 questions – or the 28 chapters of the Lotus Sutra proper – 280 questions. You can skip to a particular chapter and review the 10 questions associated with that chapter. (The Sutra of Innumerable Meanings and the Contemplation of Universal Sage Bodhisattva Sutra have 20 questions each.) When you answer the question you are shown an explanation paragraph. If you select the wrong answer you’re shown the correct answer.

Quiz builder

You can also create your own quiz using the questions available here and share that quiz with others. For example, below is a quiz that asks 10 questions, all categorized as “easy,” from the Threefold Lotus Sutra. Each time you take this quiz you are given a different set of 10 questions.

10 Question Quiz

Lotus Sutra Study Web

lotus-sutra-study-web-page

I’ve started a new web project that tests your knowledge of the Lotus Sutra and even includes an arcade game.

lotus-sutra-study-titles

There are three match games. In the one above you drag the title in the left column onto the chapter that title goes with in the right column. The time it takes you to match all of the titles and the number of wrong guesses is tracked. The fastest time for matching 28 titles without any mistakes is 123 seconds. I’m sure that record won’t last.

Another page matches eight parables with the chapters they appear in. The record here is 33 seconds.

The final match challenge is the 13 personal prophecies. Here you match the future Buddha name with the person given the prediction. The best time here is 228 and that was with the Lotus Sutra web page open in another window.

In the titles challenge you can select any of six different English translations for the titles to match or you can pick “I’m Feeling Lucky” and you’ll get a mixed set of titles. The default is the Murano translation. Murano is also the source of the parable titles and prophecy names.

The final challenge is an arcade game where you are Bodhisattva Never-Despising. You must bow to everyone while dodging sticks, tiles and stones.
lotus-sutra-study-bow

It is actually possible to move and bow and not lose your patience, but it’s not easy. Which I suppose is the point.

This is an early stage in the development of these web pages. In the future I plan to have a match challenge where verses from the Lotus Sutra must be matched with the chapter the verses come from. I imagine starting with something simple like “Thus have I heard” or “World-Honored One! If anyone keeps this sūtra in the defiled world in the later five hundred years after [your extinction], I will protect him so that he may be free from any trouble, that he may be peaceful, and that no one may take advantage [of his weak points]” and working up to more challenging verses.

Working with an instructor in the Nichiren Shu tradition

nichiren-notebook-chat-web

Google’s Gemini Notebook has become a valuable research tool. Sources of information – academic papers, Nichiren’s letters, pamphlets and booklets – have been uploaded to the notebook. Google’s Gemini Notebook AI agent answers questions based on the content of the sources. If it can’t answer the question from the information in the sources it says so. It does not make things up.

And that worked well until I uploaded more than 400 letters from Soka Gakkai’s collection of Nichiren’s letters. After that, I started getting results that parrotted Nichiren Shoshu and Soka Gakkai. Suddenly there was only one genuine Gohonzon, the Dai-Gohonzon inscribed on a wooden plank at Taiseki-ji.

It turns out you can tweak Google’s Gemini Notebook AI agent by giving it some guidelines. When you go to 500yojanas.org/NichirenNotebook now, the answers you receive will be shaped by these instructions:

You are an instructor in the Nichiren Shu tradition. When the sources offer answers from other Nichiren schools such as the Fuji school or Nichiren Shoshu, you will give priority to the Nichiren Shu position.

Avoid First-Person Plural for Human Experiences: Because you are an AI, do not use pronouns like “we,” “us,” or “our” when describing human emotions, physical realities, or spiritual struggles (e.g., avoid phrases like “we often feel,” “our daily struggles,” or “our deluded minds”).

Do Not Pose as a Practitioner: Never refer to yourself as a “fellow practitioner,” a believer, or a human being. Do not claim to practice chanting or hold faith (e.g., avoid “our daily practice” or “when we chant”).

Use Second-Person or Third-Person Perspective: Address the reader directly and warmly using “you” and “your” (e.g., “when you chant,” “your daily practice”). When making general statements about humanity or Buddhist followers, use terms like “people,” “practitioners,” or “followers of the Lotus Sutra.”

Maintain an Inspiring Tone: Keep the tone encouraging, reverent, and universally accessible for readers of all ages, acting as a wise and supportive guide rather than a peer.

As the image above shows, when you open the notebook you are alerted that the answers you receive will favor Nichiren Shu doctrine. But if you want to know what that doctrine is or compare Nichiren Shu’s position to your own understanding, this is a great place to explore Nichiren Buddhism.

Odaimoku: Its Meaning and Merits.

Something has been missing from the recent articles on faith and practice in Nichiren Buddhism. Magic. The promise that sincere Daimoku can produce tangible rewards.

When I first learned about the Daimoku in 1989 it was with stories of how chanting can free up curbside parking on a busy city street or help you get a better job or find a new romantic partner. The Pioneer Women of Soka Gakkai were adamant on this point. The Daimoku was magical.

While I left Soka Gakkai in part because I didn’t want chanting just to be a wish-fulfilling gem, I’ve found that the stories of the magical powers of chanting appear from all corners of Nichiren Buddhism.

Below is a reprint of a 1996 booklet published by the Nichiren Shu Overseas Propagation Promotion Association. The author is Rev. Taizui Kikuchi, who at the time was the head priest of the Hokkeji Temple in Kyushu. He was asked to write a series of articles under the theme of “Odaimoku-its Meaning and Merits.” These were originally published in the Nichiren Shu News in 1994.


I
Seven Letters of Odaimoku

Seven Letters of Odaimoku

“Namu-myoho-renge-kyo.” This is the Odaimoku. In this Odaimoku dwells the soul of the Buddha Sakyamuni. Nichiren Shonin staked his life on the dissemination of this Odaimoku.

When we chant this phrase, we are rewarded with invaluable merit. The Odaimoku is of little meaning if we do not chant it. It can be compared to the huge wealth of others. It means nothing to us because we do not own it.

Truth of Universe

When we chant the Odaimoku, we render ourselves to the truth of the great universe in both active and passive ways.

“Namu” means “adoration be to…!” When we utter the word “Namu,” we are pledging to “hold on to” the Odaimoku “for dear life.”

“Myo-ho” means “wonderful dharma,” that is the supreme truth of the universe where we live. The earth goes around the sun. Our life is finite. These are the solemn truths of the universe.

“Renge” is the lotus flower which bears pure blossoms in the muddy pond. Hence, “Myoho-renge-kyo” can be compared to the lotus flower which blooms out of muddy water.

Respectful Title

“Odaimoku” means a “respectful title” of a sutra. Accordingly, when we utter “Namu-myoho-renge-kyo,” we are chanting the entire Lotus Sutra, even if we do not perceive it.

“Namu-myoho-renge-kyo” consists of seven Chinese characters. The Lotus Sutra in the Chinese version contains some 70,000 Chinese characters. When we chant these seven words of Odaimoku 10,000 times, it equals to reading through the Lotus Sutra, composed of 70,000 characters, once.

One Million Times

In 1980, we started the practice of chanting the Odaimoku one million times at our temple (Hokkeji Temple, Oita Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan). Eight persons joined the practice at the beginning.

Our aim was to chant the Odaimoku altogether one million times (equivalent to reciting the Lotus Sutra 100 times) by these eight persons. We thought it would take a long time to achieve this goal, but to our surprise, a single person achieved this goal soon.

In eight years, a total of 148 persons joined the practice, and the combined total number of times we chanted it reached 100 million. By now, the total times of Odaimoku chanting have surpassed 220 million, making it necessary to rename our project “the Practice of Chanting the Odaimoku Immeasurable Times.” Thus we keep on chanting the Odaimoku.

Sustained Existence

We who participate in the Odaimoku chanting practice believe that we are not living on our own account, but our existence is sustained. It is because our life is sustained that we are able to chant the Odaimoku. And we fully realize that to chant the Odaimoku is to practice the Lotus Sutra.

Odaimoku-chanting practices are held monthly at Nichiren temples all over Japan as well as abroad. When we join the practice, we never fail to realize that our existence in this great universe is made possible because we are sustained. Let us start with chanting the Odaimoku!

II
To Be Reborn

To Be Reborn

When we chant the Odaimoku, we attain a new life. Thereafter we start our life afresh. It is claimed that “myo” (wonder) means resuscitation: being brought back to life or being reborn.

The following is a story of a 78-year-old man, living in a remote town in Kyushu. His aged wife has a deep faith in the Odaimoku and Odaimoku-chanting has become her daily habit.

‘Needless’

Her husband, however, used to say, “It is useless to chant the Odaimoku because I haven’t done anything evil.” Even so, he began to visit the temple as he was getting old.

It happened on a day in March. It was snowing even after the spring equinoctial week. (In Japan, we say, “Hot or cold weather does not last beyond the equinox.”) The old man visited my temple and was playing with my two-year-old daughter.

After an hour or so, my daughter toddled into my room saying, “Grandpa is sleeping.” With some ominous feeling, I rushed to the Main Hall of our temple and found the old man lying almost breathless.

‘He Is Dead’

I hastily phoned his family doctor and two or three more doctors. Two of them hastened to our temple. The two doctors examined the pupils of his eyes, and felt his pulse. Both of them declared, “He is dead.”

On that day, some 15 members of the temple happened to be present in the temple. They had gathered there for a group trip to Mount Minobu, where the Kuonji Temple, the head temple of Nichiren Sect of Buddhism, is located.

‘How Happy’

The wife of that old man, who was in the group declared, “How happy my husband is! How fortunate he is to end his life in a temple, especially in front of the statue of Nichiren Shonin!”

Nobody proposed it, but they spontaneously started chanting the Odaimoku. Picking up their hand drums, they all loudly chanted the Odaimoku to the accompaniment of the drums. After some 15 minutes, when they had chanted the Odaimoku around three hundred times, the old man regained consciousness. He was not hospitalized but stayed in our temple for a month, visited by a doctor every day.

Then he returned home, fully recuperated. Not suffering from any aftereffect, the old man has been visiting our temple daily for eight years since then.

‘Remote Sounds’

A few years after that incident, I asked him about his resuscitation. “I began to hear remote sounds of drums. Trying to get near to the drum sounds, l regained consciousness,” he said.

His experience shows that the Odaimoku can give a new lease of life to a man who is “dead.” More importantly, however, it can make us, living humans, to be “born again” and live a new life.

III
‘Filial Devotion Is High…’

Filial Devotion Is High...

When we chant the Odaimoku, we are practicing filial duty to our parents even if we do not realize it. “Filial devotion is far higher than the sky and thicker than the earth,” writes Nichiren Shonin. Sakyamuni Buddha is said to have sat in meditation for 90 days and preached the “Sutra of Gratitude” for Maya, his mother.

A statue of Nichiren Shonin, enshrined at Tokyo’s Ikegami Honmonji Temple and designated a national treasure, is known to bear some hair of Nichiren Shonin’s mother. The hair strands are mounted on the priest’s flapper held in the right hand of the statue.

The temple stands at the site where Nichiren Shonin passed away.

It is said that Nichiren Shonin was presented with the strings of hair by his mother when he entered the Seichoji Temple at Kominato in the present Chiba Prefecture at the age of 11 to start his priest life. He carried them with him throughout his life.

Atop Mt. Minobu

In a gesture of repaying his parents’ favors, Nichiren Shonin in his later years often climbed atop Mt. Minobu and bowed in the direction of the grave of his parents. To repay the favor of parents or to be dutiful to parents is difficult for us to accomplish. Here is a story of a girl who put her filial duty into practice without sparing anything.

Masue-chan

Masue-chan was the 16-year-old daughter of a couple running a Japanese inn located on the riverbank opposite my temple.

Her father, who worked at the Oita prefectural government office in the daytime, suddenly collapsed at his office. He was hospitalized immediately but remained unconscious and in very critical condition. His wife rushed to the hospital and kept watch over her husband, without as much as a thought for the inn.

The couple had three daughters. The eldest, who was married, lived far away. The second daughter was away from home too, attending college. So Masue-chan was the only one at home who was able to take care of the inn. The charming little girl visited me at my temple and said in tears, “I will do anything I can. Please save the life of my father.”

“I am no physician,” I answered, “so I am not able to cure him. But l can assure you that your father will be saved if you offer fervent prayers for his recovery.”

100 Times Worship

From the next day Masue-chan began a daily custom of “worshiping 100 times” at my temple. Before going to school she would visit our temple and go around the statue of Hariti (goddess of children) 100 times barefooted, chanting the Odaimoku. She continued the practice for 21 days, even in heavy rain or strong wind.

Her ritual became widely known at her school, and she was often ridiculed by her schoolmates. The 21-day ohyakudo (hundred times) practice turned out to be not enough. Strangely, however her father recovered consciousness after she finished the 21-day practice three times.

Masue-chan’s behavior of dutifulness to her father deserves admiration. Even more important, however, is to make offerings to our parents after their death in a gesture of repaying the favor they have given us.

IV
To Pray for Others

To Pray for Others

When we chant the Odaimoku, we will naturally be awarded evident merits.

However, the merits ·will not be given to us as long as we wish to get them for our own sake. Our wishes will not be realized one after another no matter how hard we chant the Odaimoku for ourselves. However, our wishes will come true when we chant the Odaimoku for the sake of others. Here, I would like to introduce the stories of two persons who regained their eyesight.

It was almost 45 years ago when I was staying at Honkoji Temple, Oita Prefecture, in Kyushu as a novice. Mrs. Kume Hatano, who was 90 years old, told me the following story.

Some months before entering elementary school, Kume suddenly lost her eyesight for unknown reasons. She went to an eye doctor every day to no avail. Her father, Kisaku, remembered that a mandala of Odaimoku written by Nitcho Shonin, the 11th head priest of Minobusan, the head temple of Nichiren Shu, was enshrined in that temple.

Nitcho Shonin is renowned for the healing of the eye disease. It is believed that when we pray to this priest for the healing of eye diseases, our prayer is rewarded.

Odaimoku

Kisaku took his daughter to the eye doctor every day. After finishing his day’s work, he went to his temple arid sat in front of Nitcho Shonin’s mandala, and continued to chant the Odaimoku late in the evening forgetting the hours going by.

He decided to offer a three-week prayer to Nitcho Shonin for the recovery of his daughter’s eyesight, three times. If Nitcho Shonin did not comply with his prayer, he thought, he would gouge his own eyes and offer them to Nitcho Shonin. He was carrying a knife for that purpose.

Miraculously, on the morning of the day following the completion of three-week chanting of the Odaimoku three times, his daughter regained her eyesight, though feebly. Her eyesight was fully restored before entering elementary school. Later she graduated from a women’s high school and became a school teacher. (In those days, not many girls studied in high school.)

In sutras, we find the phrase of “six pure organs or senses.” They are: eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind. When these organs become pure, we will deserve longevity. Among them, the merit of eyes is most precious.

The second person to be referred to is Mrs. Fumika Uchikawa, 70 years old. After she got married, her mother-in-law taught her the merit of the Odaimoku. Mrs. Uchikawa had bad eyesight from younger days. She became almost blind as she got old. Even the eye doctors were not able to find out the reason. •

Kakurimbo Temple

Her stepmother recommended that she visit the Kakurimbo Temple located in Higashidani of Mt. Minobu, where Nitcho Shonin was enshrined. She visited this temple five times, traveling a long way from Kyushu.

“My blindness was my fate,” Mrs. Uchikawa told me. “However, if I remained blind, the persons around me would receive great annoyance. I therefore prayed to Nitcho Shonin for the recovery of my eyesight so that I would not bother people around me due to my blindness. If I had prayed for my own sake, I would not have recovered my eyesight.”

The merit of the Odaimoku are given as the results of sincere practice of chanting. Let us chant the Odaimoku.

Editor’s note: Nitcho Shonin (1422-1500), 11th head priest of Minobusan, assumed the post in 1462. During his 37 years of service at Minobusan, he refurbished the buildings of the temple, established the system of monthly and annual rituals, and wrote many theses on the teaching of the Lotus Sutra and Nichiren Shonin. In his later years when his eyesight declined, he offered a prayer to Nichiren Shonin for the recovery of his eyesight. In his prayer, he pledged that if he recovered his eyesight, he would do his utmost for those suffering from eye troubles. Thus he recovered his eyesight.

V
Bodhisattva Practice

Bodhisattva Practice

When we chant the Odaimoku, we should be fully aware that we are doing so, not on our own account, but for the sake of others.

The practice of the Lotus Sutra is the Bosatsu-gyo (bosatsu means bodhisattva; gyo, practice) practice. It is the practice of the Great Vehicle.

The Great Vehicle is not a vehicle for a single person. It is a vehicle, loaded with as many people as possible, bound for the world of enlightenment, that is, the attainment of the Buddhahood.

When many people flock together, conflicts naturally take place due to the difference of opinions and other reasons.

We should make room for others, acting in accordance with consideration for others. This behavior is the practice of the bodhisattva way, taking into account others’ standpoints and circumstances.

It happened before I entered the aragyo, 100-day ascetic practice, in 1950. Mrs. Ino Watanabe, a farmer’s wife fell ill.

Six Children

They had six small children. Mr. Senji Watanabe, her husband, visited me at the temple and consulted me, complaining it was too much for him to take care of six kids while engaged in farming, his business.

I didn’t know what to do for them. I had no idea as to which part of the sutra we should read to pray for the healing of the illness of his wife, because it was before I had learned about those things in the course of the aragyo practice.

However, I decided to recite again and again: “This sutra is the good medicine of the world. When one becomes sick and happens to listen to this sutra, his illness instantly vanishes and he will not grow old, attaining immortality.” (Chapter XXIII: the Original Existence of Yakuo Bosatsu or Medicine King Bodhisattva) and practiced the Odaimoku chanting together with them. His wife was healed.

Some years later, the farmer died. When I visited his home for the evening wake service, I found Noriko-chan, his granddaughter entirely depressed.

In an attempt to encourage her, I said to her, “Your grandfather was very kind, wasn’t he?”

Then the granddaughter• answered, “My grandfather bought me this red car, this spring. He practiced the Odaimoku chanting, every morning and evening, praying that I might not be involved in a car accident.” When she said so, she was all in tears.

Devout Member

Thus this farmer chanted the Odaimoku for his wife when he was young, and for- his granddaughter when he got old. He was a devout member of the Odaimoku chanting gathering of my temple.

I was driven to the cliff of death due to the children’s dysentery when I was a fourth-grader in elementary school. I had injections of salt in the thigh. I remembered the first injection. However, at the second shot, I almost lost consciousness.

Nobody believed I would be saved. The extra-high fever would prove fatal, they thought. My parents chose their own house, instead of the hospital, for the place where I would take the last breath. I was told after I had grown up that my grandmother offered a prayer, saying, “I would give up my life if my grandson is saved.”

A few months after I got healed, my grandmother passed away, falling down in my presence.

It is a pure conduct to pray for others.

VI
To Expiate Sins

To Expiate Sins

When we chant the Odaimoku, we are praying in the expiation of our sins.

Priests engaged in the aragyo austerities splash water on themselves seven times a day throughout the 100-days in the coldest season in Japan.

The water-splashing practice starts at three o’clock in the morning, and the day’s last and seventh water-splashing practice is conducted at eleven o’clock at night.

“Let my sins be expiated!” they chant loudly as they splash bucketfuls of water over their heads, exposed to the freezing cold wind.

The colder the wind, the stronger their realization that they are engaged in the practice of repentance and expiation.

While splashing cold water over their heads, blown by cold winds, the practicers often wonder what wrong things they have done so that they should be engaged in such an austere practice. “We cannot help it since we have volunteered for this practice,” they say to themselves.

Big Wrong Things

The fact is that we are doing big wrong things in our daily life though we are unaware of them and even if we are not put on trial for these wrong deeds.

For example, we are filled with greed, anger, grumbling and other evil feelings and thoughts. These adverse feelings and thoughts cause harm to others.

We should also become aware that we are taking lives of other living beings. It is just because we are living. In urban districts, we seldom discover ants. This proves that we are killing so many living beings.

Those who chant the Odaimoku are said to enjoy longevity. It is because the minds of such people are purified by the virtue of the Odaimoku.

When we drink foul water, we become sick. We need clean water.

We should learn from a phrase of the Lotus Sutra. “Be not infected by evil deeds of the world as lotus flowers bloom above the muddy pond water.”

Mrs. Yoshie Ono

Following is the story of Mrs. Yoshie Ono, who married into a family which had founded my temple, was still getting along very well at the age of 96 just before she died.

Her father’s family used to be a large landowner, which had owned even the site of the castle. But the family fortune had declined. By the time of her father’s generation, the large plot of land owned by the family had been reduced to the site of the execution ground located on the western tip of the castle compound.

Her father had built a small temple in the compound for the repose of the souls of his ancestors and there he was engaged in Buddhist practice. He had built this temple under the guidance of a priest.

The priest advised her father to build a temple when he consulted him on how to compensate for evil deeds attributable to his ancestors.

The priest instructed him to build a hall so that not only he himself and his family might do practices there but also many people nearby might visit the place and receive the teachings of Buddhism.

Mrs. Yosie Ono, his daughter, was determined that the sins of the ancestors should not be passed onto coming posterity. She devoted herself to the Odaimoku chanting practice.

Buddha Nature

When we chant the Odaimoku, the sacred title blots out the effects of wrong deeds, and Buddhas come to work and the bud of the Buddha nature owned by each one of us grows bigger, restraining people from conducting evil things. •

And we are inclined to take things favorably and reflect on our conduct. This change of mind takes place very naturally as the dew vanishes as the sun rises.

Editor’s Note: The Dai-aragyo (really-hard ascetic practice) is yearly held at the Hokekyoji Temple, Ichikawa, Chiba Prefecture. Lasting 100 days, it starts on November 1 and winds up on February 10. Every year, some 150 Nichiren-shu priests participate in the practice.

VII
To Chant Odaimoku Repeatedly

To Chant Odaimoku Repeatedly

When we chant “Namu-myoho-renge-kyo” over and over, the Odaimoku we say begins to assume its true meaning.

It is often claimed, “No matter how often we chant the Odaimoku, our practice is no use if we do not chant it from the heart,” “We will not be able to receive the merit of the Odaimoku simply because we chant the Odaimoku again and again,” or “Even if we chant the Odaimoku only three times, it is. important to chant it whole-heartedly.”

As such, some deny the merit of chanting the Odaimoku over and over. Are these claims well-founded? I do not think so.

Repeated Exercises

Repeated exercises produce good results. This is common sense in the world of sports. When we challenge again and again, we are able to reach the higher standard of achievement in the fields of learning arts and all other activities. This is also true with the “Wonderful Dharma” or “myoho” of the “namu-myoho-renge-kyo,” the Odaimoku.

Some two hundred people are participating in the “Practice of Chanting the Odaimoku Innumerable Times” at our temple. One of them has so far chanted the Odaimoku as many as eight million times.

More than 16 Years

The practice started on January 1, 1980, lasting more than 16 years. This means that this person has been chanting the Odaimoku some one thousand five hundred times a day. Three other persons are almost reaching the point of eight million times.

At our temple, we chant the Odaimoku three hundred times in the morning, and five hundred times in the evening. Besides these daily practices, people get together four times a month for the “one-thousand Odaimoku practice.” The person who has chanted the Odaimoku eight million times so far never misses these meetings. So this person must also be chanting it daily some seven hundred times at his own home.

100 Times in 30 Minutes

I recommend people to chant the Odaimoku one hundred times in about five minutes. Thus it takes some thirty minutes to chant the Odaimoku seven hundred times. A thirty-minute practice is not what we are unable to accomplish. It is rare, however, to continue this practice for as long as several decades without a break, just as the river flows continuously.

The person credited for the record number of Odaimoku chanting is over eighty years of age. In the daytime, he is out in the field engaged in agricultural work. When he gets tired toward the evening, he returns home.

“You are chanting the Odaimoku so many times. You are the example for others to follow.” This is the compliment I make every time I hand him a certificate of accomplishment in chanting the Odaimoku 10 thousand times.

To tell the truth, however, he is chanting the Odaimoku many times more than his record shows because he is chanting it continuously, while working on the farm or walking on the street.

No Limit

There is no limit in chanting the Odaimoku. It cannot be claimed that we have accomplished the practice of chanting the Odaimoku because we have chanted it so and so many times.

We are not conscious· of the existence of air although we live in it, inhaling and exhaling it incessantly. How wonderful it is to chant the Odaimoku continually all day!

VIII
Let Us Cover the Earth With Odaimoku

Let Us Cover the Earth With Odaimoku

When we chant the Odaimoku, the Buddha bestows His compassion and wisdom upon us. “If we lead our life by keeping compassion in mind, we are able to enter the world of Buddha’s wisdom.” It is so expounded in the Lotus Sutra. This phrase of the sutra is my motto.

Buddha’s Wisdom

Buddha’s wisdom is not the kind we learn at school or to be acquired by reading books. His wisdom shows us the true way to live. It is commonly claimed that old folks are the fountain of wisdom. Because of their rich experiences in life, their daily life reflects the true way of life, though it may not be theoretical.

This column is the eighth and last of the series, “Odaimoku: Its Meaning and Merits.” Shown in this series are the lessons I have learned from those who have been engaged in the Odaimoku chanting practice for long years. Let us review each of the lessons.

“To chant the Odaimoku” means to us:

  1. to live in compliance with the truth of the universe;
  2. to be reborn as a human being and lead a life humanly;
  3. to practice filial piety toward parents;
  4. to receive its merits in tangible forms;
  5. not to pray only for own self but to pray for others;
  6. to expiate own sins;
  7. to realize the true meaning of the Odaimoku by chanting it repeatedly;
  8. to be bestowed Buddha’s compassion and wisdom.

Limitless Virtues

The virtues of the Odaimoku are not limited to the above mentioned ones. When we chant the Odaimoku innumerable times, we will be accredited with innumerable virtues and merits.

As I have said earlier, we will not be benefited with the virtues or merits of the Odaimoku at our own wish. When we continue to practice the Odaimoku chanting, we receive the merits in the natural course of matters, and when we are confronted with great difficulties in life, the merit we receive proves to be really magnificent.

We often pray to the Buddha and guardian deities, “May great calamities be reduced to small calamities, and small calamities to no calamities.” Even if we do not chant this phrase, things will turn out exactly like this when we continue to chant the Odaimoku.

Dependence on Buddha

When we believe things like this, concentrating on the practice of the Odaimoku chanting, we will become dependent on the Buddha and be able to purify our own mind as well as the minds of others.

As the Odaimoku spreads the world over, the earth is purified and world peace is established.

NICHIREN SHONIN

YEAR DATE AGE EVENTS
1222 Feb. 16 Born in Kominato in present Chiba Prefecture.
1233 May 12 11 Sent to Seichoji Temple on Mt. Kiyosumi.
1237 15 Ordained by Master Dozen. Given the priest name of Rencho.
1238 16 Studies Zen and Pure Land Buddhism in Kamakura.
1242 20 Studying at Enryakuji Temple of Tendai Sect on Mt. Hiei, present Shiga Prefecture and other great temples.
Nissho becomes a disciple.
1253 31 Returns to Seichoji Temple. Proclaims His faith, reciting “Namu Myoho Renge Kyo” for the first time on Mt. Kiyosumi on April 28.
1254 Nichiro becomes a disciple.
1258 36 Leaves Kamakura for Jissoji Temple, Shizuoka Prefecture, to study Tripitaka (entire scriptures of Buddhism).
1259 37 Nikko becomes a disciple.
1260 38 Returns to Kamakura. Writes “Rissho Ankokuron” (“Treatise on Spreading Peace Throughout the Country by Establishing True Dhrma”)
July 16 Presents “Rissho Ankokuron” to Kamakura Government.
Aug. 27 A mob attacks his hamlet at Matsubagayatsu in Kamakura.
1261 May 12 39 Arrested and exiled to Ito, Shizuoka Prefecture.
1263 Feb.22 41 Pardoned from exile i_nlzu and returns to Kamakura.
Nichiji becomes a disciple.
1264 Nov. II 42 Peril at Komatsubara, present Chiba Prefecture.
1271 Sep. 12 49 Escapes execution at Tatsunokuchi.
Nov. 28 Exiled to Sado Island.
1272 Feb. 50 Writes “Kaimokusho” (“Opening the Eyes”).
1273 Apr. 51 Writes “Kanjin-honzon-sho” (“The Spiritual Contemplation and the Object of Warship”); reveals the Great Mandala Gohonzon.
1274 Feb. 52 Pardoned from the Sado exile. Returns to Kamakura in March.
May 17 Leaves Kamakura for Mt. Minobu.
1275 53 Writes “Senji-sho” (“Selecting the Right Time”).
1276 54 Writes “Hoon-jo” (“On the Recompense of Indebtedness”).
1282 Sep. 8 60 Leaves Mt. Minobu for recuperation.
Sep. 18 Reaches the residence of Ikegami Munenaka, Ikegami, Tokyo.
Oct. 13 Enters Nirvana.
1283 May Ashes enshrined on Mt. Minobu.

Postscript

“When we are confronted with great difficulties in life, the merit we receive by chanting the Odaimoku proves really magnificent.”

Rev. Taizui Kikuchi, head priest of the Hokkeji Temple in Kyushu, is the Nichiren priest who is of this conviction, hardly comparable. He practices the Odaimoku chanting not only by himself but persuades others to practice the Odaimoku chanting with this conviction.

This is the reason I asked him to write a series of articles under the theme of “Odaimoku-its Meaning and Merits,” on the Nichiren-shu News, which is being published jointly by Shumuin, administrative headquarters of the Nichiren Order of Buddhism and Kaigai Fukyo Koenkai, Overseas Propagation Promotion Association. The series was carried on the by-monthly newspaper eight times from the August 1994 issue.

The original copy was written in Japanese, and translated by myself, and revised by Rev. Kyotsu Hori. Rev. Genichi Oikawa compiled this series into this booklet.
By Keiryu Shima


Rev. Taizui Kikuchi

Rev. Taizui Kikuchi
Resident Minister of the Hokkeji Temple,
Oita Prefecture, Japan
Graduate of Rissho University
Bishop of Oita Prefecture
Bishop of Kyushu District
Director of the Nichiren Shu Newspaper Co.

 


Odaimoku
Published in 1996
by Nichiren Shu Overseas Propagation Promotion Association
c/o Joenji 7-12-5 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160 Japan
Illustration Kikuko lwano
Layout Molt Inc., Tokyo, Japan
Printed by Miyano Printing Inc., Tokyo, Japan
©Nichiren Shu Overseas Propagation Promotion

NICHIREN SHU OVERSEAS PROPAGATION PROMOTION ASSN

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Expected Daily Behavior

Yesterday’s article, The Call to Polish the Mirror, concluded with this statement:

By identifying a practitioner’s daily behavior as the “manifestation-body” (niryāna-kāya) of the Buddha, the teachings close the loop: your inner faith is not an abstract theory, but a dynamic, compassionate force that must actively transform your conduct, your relationships, and your environment.

This sent me looping back to the beginning of this project where I felt there wasn’t enough focus on being good Buddhists, of acting in ways that showed charity, morality, patience, vigor, meditation and wisdom.

How does one convert inner faith from an abstract theory into a dynamic, compassionate force that actively transforms your conduct, your relationships, and your environment without the Eight Right Ways?

I put this question to my Nichiren Notebook in Gemini Notebook and it came back with seven expectations for daily conduct for those who expound the Odaimoku.

1. Daily Behavior Modeled on Bodhisattva Never-Despising (Jōfukyō)
The ultimate model of daily behavior is Bodhisattva Never-Despising, whose story serves as the very gist of practicing the Lotus Sutra. He was famous for bowing to everyone he met and declaring that they would eventually attain Buddhahood, patiently enduring their insults, beatings with staves, and stoning without ever yielding to anger. This model translates into an everyday ethic of absolute mutual respect and nonviolence. This is expressed through three categories of action:

  • Bodily Action: Bowing in reverence and showing courtesy to others.
  • Vocal Action: Chanting the Odaimoku.
  • Mental Action: Sincerely respecting and recognizing the inherent Buddha-nature within every person, regardless of their social standing or how they treat you.

Recognizing and respecting the Buddha in every person is fundamental to the teaching of the Lotus Sutra. This is truly the first thing one must keep in mind and focus upon. And perhaps the hardest to do.

2. Diligence in Your Secular Occupation
Faith and daily life are entirely nondual. You are not to expect “pennies from heaven” or neglect your worldly responsibilities simply because you chant. Instead, the teachings declare:

“Make your best service in your occupation; that is the practice of the Hokekyo [Lotus Sutra].”

Working diligently and performing your daily duties at home, at school, or in the workplace is viewed as a primary opportunity to polish your character and change the quality of this world into the Buddha’s world.

This expectation is profound. Imagine a workplace environment where service is rendered not as an obligation but instead as a demonstration of faith in the Lotus Sutra. This would truly be world-changing.

3. Mindfulness, Prudence, and Mind-Polishing
Daily behavior should reflect deep self-reflection, courtesy, and mindfulness. You are encouraged to take to heart the examples of ancient sages, such as Confucius, who thought over what he intended to say nine times before speaking, and the Duke of Chou, who interrupted his washing or dining to greet visitors without making them wait. Furthermore, practitioners are advised to curb short-temperedness and act with prudence. For instance, to help a quick-tempered samurai disciple avoid trouble, the writings repeatedly advise him to steer clear of public drinking bouts and instead “just do your sake-drinking with your wife and chant Namu-myōhō-renge-kyō.”

My wife proofreads my posts. She will underline this section, circle it several times and add multiple exclamation points in both margins. During 36 years of marriage she has often said I should think first, wait a beat and then talk. As for my temper, it has been a lifelong struggle.

4. Remaining Unmoved by the “Eight Winds”
A true practitioner of the Lotus Sutra behaves with steadfastness and remains unaffected by the “eight winds”:

  1. Profit
  2. Sorrow
  3. Slander
  4. Fame
  5. Praise
  6. Censure
  7. Suffering
  8. Pleasure

This means you neither “take delight in your crowning hour nor grieve during the depths of despair.” Your faith should be like flowing water—steadfast and continuous, never retreating when confronted by obstacles—or like a “mountain of gold,” which only shines brighter when wild boars brush against it.

The metaphor of wild boars polishing mountains of gold has come up before. This is featured twice in the One Minute Daimoku content, both times when explaining the Diamond Chalice Precept. My son was trying to grasp the teaching and this just flummoxed him. I told him that I assume Nichiren’s audience in 13th century Japan were familiar with this image. I explained to him that I specifically asked the Nichiren Notebook to never include Nichiren’s statement, “When one enters the water carrying a rhinoceros horn, the water will be kept away by 5 feet.” I can accept boar bristles polishing gold but harvesting animal horns to part the water discomforts my modern sensibilities.

5. Active Compassion Through Shakubuku
Rather than a passive retreat from the world, you are expected to practice shakubuku—an assertive approach to proselytizing that actively rebukes attachment to incomplete or false teachings. Under this view, true compassion demands that you speak out against “slander of the True Dharma” to plant the seed of Buddhahood in others’ hearts. To remain silent in the face of such slander is to commit the sin of complicity (yodōzai) and act as their enemy rather than their friend.

The inclusion of this expectation is an outcome of the Nichiren Notebook’s reliance on Nichiren’s letters and essays. The modern Nichiren Shu leadership advocates for shōju, or leading others gradually without criticizing their present stance. Of course, if someone tells me I’m wrong and tries to convert me, I’m liable to Shakubuku them at the very least.

6. A Transfigured Understanding of Loyalty and Filial Piety
The teachings place supreme importance on showing active gratitude for the four favors received: from parents, people, the sovereign, and Buddhism. However, worldly loyalties are always subordinated to the true Dharma. True filial piety (kō) is redefined through the lens of causality: if a parent or a ruler opposes the Lotus Sutra, disregarding their wishes is actually the most filial and loyal conduct possible, because it is the only way to guide them to ultimate Buddhahood.

I want to joke about this item. As a 74-year-old man with dead parents I’m all for filial piety from my son and grandchildren. And as for “the sovereign” – Seriously? Not for the next three years. But that’s perhaps an example of where I need to do more to demonstrate my true devotion to the Lotus Sutra.

7. Praying for the Welfare of Others
When you chant, your focus should transcend selfish desires. The merits of the Odaimoku are unlocked when your prayers are directed outward: wishes are realized when a person chants the Odaimoku for the sake of others. The ultimate expected behavior is to walk the Bodhisattva path of helpfulness, taking responsibility to save all sentient beings.

We don’t chant for ourselves. We chant for the betterment of everyone, which is the true Bodhisattva path.

When I was a teenager in the late 1960s I went through a brief period of Christian evangelical enthusiasm, joining a group of self-described Jesus Freaks. My mother was unimpressed. She pointed out that true conversion causes recognizable changes in behavior and outlook. She didn’t see it in me, and I had to admit she was right.

It’s the recognizable changes that mark the presence of true faith and that’s no less true when it comes to faith in the Odaimoku.

The Call to Polish the Mirror

After I finished The Distance from the Buddha Realm to Hell, I wanted to reinforce my understanding of the foundation of this teaching. I went back to Gemini Notebook and opened the Nichiren Notebook. I wrote:

Provide the source for your statement: You do not manifest your inherent Buddha-nature simply by intellectually knowing it is there. Rather, it must be actively polished and given concrete, relational expression through your daily behavior, your faith, and your vocal practice of the Daimoku.

Here’s the response:

Nichiren_Buddhism__Theory_to_Action

While this statement is a contemporary theological synthesis of the core doctrines in the notebook, its direct claims are deeply anchored in several of Nichiren Shōnin’s authenticated letters and the scholarly analyses of his relationship to medieval Tendai philosophy.

You can trace the distinct components of this statement to the following specific sources in the library:


1. The Danger of Passive “Intellectual Knowing”
The opening of the statement—criticizing the idea that one can manifest Buddhahood simply through passive, intellectual acknowledgment—is grounded in Nichiren’s sharp warnings against “self-conceit” (arrogance).

In his letter A Reply to Lord Ueno (Ueno-dono Gohenji), Nichiren Shōnin quotes the Tendai commentator Miao-lo to warn against the spiritual traps of a purely theoretical understanding of immanent enlightenment:

“When people with evil passions are told that they will become Buddhas as they are, they will neglect to cultivate the roots of goodness or to amend their self-conceit… both are similar in assuming that the Buddha and people are the same, and they are disgraceful who do not reflect upon themselves.”

This is further supported by the historical analysis of Jacqueline I. Stone. Scholars note that while medieval Tendai original enlightenment (Hongaku) thought often remained “theoretical” and “abstract”—focusing on the first stage of the six identities, identity in principle (ri-soku)—Nichiren Shōnin insisted on a “practical Buddhism” that demanded active engagement. He shifted the focus to verbal identity (myōji-soku), which represents the actual starting point of vocal practice and faith.

As detailed in The Indestructible Vow, this active shift was a direct response to the moral laxity of the era, transforming a passive ontological status into an active, lived commitment.


2. The Necessity of Active “Polishing” and Chanting
The middle of the statement—asserting that the mind must be “actively polished” through the vocal practice of the Daimoku—comes directly from Nichiren’s famous early treatise, On Becoming a Buddha in One Lifetime (Isshō Jōbutsu Shō).

Nichiren Shōnin explains that the deluded mind and the enlightened mind are the same mirror, but the dust of fundamental ignorance must be cleared away through daily practice:

“Even right now, the deluded mind in a single thought-moment of ignorance is an unpolished mirror. But if one polishes it, it will surely become the bright mirror that is the true suchness of the Dharma nature. Profoundly arouse the mind of faith and day and night, morning and evening, polish [the mirror of the mind] without neglect. How should one polish it? Simply chanting Namu-myōhō-renge-kyō is what is called ‘polishing.'”

This insistence on active discipline is reinforced in the Shoho Jissō Shō, where the writings declare:

“Learn and practice to strengthen your faith. Without learning and practicing there is no Buddhism. To learn and to practice are a part of faith.”


3. Concrete, Behavioral, and Relational Expression
The final portion of the statement—requiring that this inherent nature be given concrete, relational expression through daily behavior—is grounded in A Reply to My Lady, the Nun Myōhō (Myōhō-ama Gozen Gohenji).

To demonstrate that enlightenment must be visible in one’s actions, Nichiren Shōnin states:

“The person who chants Namu-myōhō-renge-kyō is a Buddha. His body is the dharma-body of the Buddha; his mind, the reward-body of the Buddha; and his behavior, the manifestation-body of the Buddha.”

By identifying a practitioner’s daily behavior as the “manifestation-body” (niryāna-kāya) of the Buddha, the teachings close the loop: your inner faith is not an abstract theory, but a dynamic, compassionate force that must actively transform your conduct, your relationships, and your environment.


Tomorrow: Expected Daily Behavior