Tao-sheng Commentary on the Lotus Sutra, p308In this way this sūtra is heard by a fiftieth person.
The purpose of taking up the last person is [to say] that most of the people, in the beginning, hearing in person the wisdom preaching, tend to accept it with deep pleasure, but if it is transmitted to other people, especially when it comes to the last person, their pleasure will be attenuated, and those with attenuated pleasure likewise will have their merits lessened. [Yet,] this time, it turns out that this is not the case; it is suggested that his happiness and recompense are limitless. How much the more would be [the happiness and recompense of] those who were present in the very first audience sitting and hearing firsthand [the Buddha preaching the sūtra! It much also be deep!
Monthly Archives: June 2025
Why Śāriputra as a Buddha Will Teach the Three Vehicles
Over the my years reading the Lotus Sutra I’ve puzzled over why the Buddha predicts that when Śāriputra becomes the the Buddha Flower-Light he “will also lead the living beings [of his world] by the teaching of the Three Vehicles.” Why not just teach the Lotus Sutra? I dealt with this in detail back in early 2021 in my post Abiding in the One and Employing the Three. In Chinese Master Hsuan Hua’s commentary on Chapter 3, A Parable, he offers a succinct answer.
Hsuan Hua Lotus Sutra Commentary, v4, p38SUTRA
“Tathagata Flower Radiance shall also teach and transform living beings by means of the Three Vehicles. Śāriputra, when this Buddha appears in the world, although it will not be a troubled age, because of his past vows he shall teach the Dharma of the Three Vehicles.”
COMMENTARY
Tathagata Flower Radiance shall also teach and transform living beings by means of the Three Vehicles: Śrāvakas, Pratyekabuddhas, and Bodhisattvas. Śāriputra, when this Buddha appears in the world, although it will not be a troubled age characterized by the five turbidities, because of his past vows he shall teach the Dharma of the Three Vehicles. Why is that? In the past, he learned the Buddhadharma from Śākyamuni Buddha. Since his teacher taught the Dharma of the Three Vehicles, as his disciple, Śāriputra aspired to follow his teacher’s example. Therefore, even though he shall not be born in the troubled world of the five turbidities, he will nevertheless teach the expedient Dharma of the Three Vehicles.
Myōhō Renge Kyō Promise for June 30, 2025
Offer delicious food and drink,
And various garments to this son of mine,
And yearn to hear Myōhō Renge Kyō from him
Even if for only a moment!
Tao-sheng: Appropriate Joy
Tao-sheng Commentary on the Lotus Sutra, p307-308In the beginning when the Sage arranged the teaching, he did not expect that those who would be benefited by it would be limited to contemporary beings; he desired strongly that the teaching be directed to the coming generations, admonishing and transforming numerous living beings. The thesis that the effect of the three makes that of the One, as has been explicated earlier, is roughly completed. This chapter is intended to deal with the topic of those who spread [the sūtra]. When a man wants to propagate the Dharma, it is essential that he hold joy and pleasure in his mind. If his mind is full of hatred and anger, he distances himself from [other] beings. How can the Tao be spread by one who distances oneself from [other] beings? Hence, the chapter is entitled “Appropriate Joy.”
Thereupon Maitreya Bodhisattva-mahāsattva said to the Buddha
Maitreya, who was formerly inclined to practice [the Dharma] with appropriate joy, now again asks the Buddha about its meaning.
World-Honored One! How many merits will be given to a good man or woman who rejoices at hearing this Sūtra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Dharma?
He demonstrates how much or little [happiness they shall obtain], in order to make stronger the beings’ will to seek it.
Meritorious Virtue and It’s Certain Reward
Chinese Master Hsuan Hua’s belief in immutability of the law of cause and effect is illustrated in a number of ways throughout his 14-volume commentary on the Lotus Sutra.
Hsuan Hua Lotus Sutra Commentary, v3, p181-182There are eleven kinds of meritorious virtue derived from making Buddha images and statues:
- Your sight is bright and clear in life after life. Your eyes are very bright and can see things very clearly. Why do you have this reward? It is because you made Buddha images in your past lives.
- You will be born in wholesome places. There will be no bad people in the places where you will be born. Your neighbors, friends, and relatives will all be good people. You will not encounter bad people or beasts.
- You will always be born to a noble family that is wealthy and honored.
- Your body will be purple-golden in color. Why aren’t our bodies purple-golden? It is because we did not make Buddha images in our past lives.
- You will possess an abundance of wealth. You will be surrounded by an abundance of precious treasure, including pearls and other valuables.
- You will be born to a family of worthy and kind people.
- You may be born as an emperor. The merit from making Buddha images enables you to become an emperor in the future. In countries where there is no emperor, you could become a president; both are state leaders. Otherwise you can find a country that is still ruled by an emperor and be born there.
- You can be a wheel-turning sage king. This position is even more honorable than that of a state ruler. A wheel-turning sage king who cultivates will soon become a Buddha.
- You may be born in the Brahma heavens. You may become a king in the human realm or be born in the Brahma heavens, with a life span of an eon.
- You will not fall into the three lower realms – the realms of hell beings, hungry ghosts, or animals.
- Life after life in the future, you will continue to revere the Three Jewels. Life after life, you will take refuge with the Three Jewels and will not fall into the three lower realms.
These are the eleven kinds of meritorious virtues derived from making Buddha images. If we have the opportunity, we should make more Buddha images. If you make Buddha images, your appearance will be transformed to perfection.
Myōhō Renge Kyō Promise for June 29, 2025
Expound Myōhō Renge Kyō to the bhikṣus
Who seek the Dharma in all directions
In order to obtain
The knowledge of all things,
Who join their hands together
Towards Myōhō Renge Kyō,
Who receive Myōhō Renge Kyō respectfully,
Who keep Myōhō Renge Kyō with joy,
And who do not receive
Even a gāthā of any other sūtra!
Tao-sheng: Advancing in Both Inner Thought and Outer Practical Ramification
Tao-sheng Commentary on the Lotus Sutra, p305Having heard of your longevity,
They obtained these effects and rewards,
Pure, immeasurable, and without āsravas.[This refers to] the Buddha’s wisdom-life. Now because hearing about [the Buddha’s long] life-span is equivalent to practicing [the pāramitā of] prajña or wisdom intensively, here it thus is said that the merit one can achieve by practicing the five pāramitās for [many] nayutas of kalpas may not equal [even the tiniest] part [of the merit one can achieve by hearing about the Buddha’s long life-span]
Needless to say, so will be the merits of the person
Who keeps this sūtra, gives alms, observes the precepts,
Practices patience, prefers dhyāna-concentrations,
And does not get angry or speak ill of others.The meaning of what has been said in the preceding is found here. When one holds the wondrous understanding within, and outwardly practices the six pāramitās, one has advanced [toward enlightenment], in both [inner] thought and its [outer] practical ramifications (shih); and so one’s right enlightenment (samyaksaṃbodhi) is [so imminent that it can come at any moment] in the morning or evening.
The Great Reward for Listening to and Reciting the Lotus Sutra
Having mostly read books on the Japanese perspective on the Lotus Sutra, I find it fascinating to read Master Hsuan Hua’s Chinese tales about the benefits of the Lotus Sutra. This example comes from Chapter 4 and the Parable of the Rich Man and his Poor Son
Hsuan Hua Lotus Sutra Commentary, v5, p69-73“Wages” refers to the value contained in the Dharma Flower Sūtra. How much value is there? The value of the Wonderful Dharma Lotus Sūtra is indeed inconceivable, subtle, and wonderful.
This reminds me of a story about a person who lived during the Jin dynasty in China and recited the Dharma Flower Sūtra. There was a Dharma master at the time named Tanyi, who was not a person but actually a pheasant. Where did he come from? Previously, in a place called Yuhang, there was a Dharma master named Fazhi who lectured exclusively on the Dharma Flower Sutra. Once, a pheasant came to listen to his lectures. The pheasant came to every one of his lectures for seven years. Then it died.
Someone thought, “Listening to sūtra lectures must not be beneficial at all. The pheasant died listening to them. Let’s stop listening!”
Well, the pheasant may have died, but that very night, Dharma Master Fazhi dreamt of a young boy who spoke to him, saying, “I am the pheasant who used to come to your sūtra lectures. I have died, but because of the power of listening to the Dharma Flower Sutra, I will not be born again as a pheasant; instead, I will be born as a human. I will be born in the household of Layman Wang at the foot of the mountain tomorrow, and in the future I plan to renounce the home life under you.”
About three or four years later, Mr. Wang invited Dharma Master Fazhi to lunch, and as soon as he walked in the son said, “My Dharma Master has come!” Because of his dream, Dharma Master Fazhi knew that the boy was a reincarnation of the pheasant. He said to the son’s father, “Your son used to be a pheasant.” Then he took off the boy’s shirt, and sure enough, there were three feathers on his back. That was proof that he was telling the truth. Mr. Wang said, “Oh, so he was a pheasant. Now [that he has been reborn as a human], he can cultivate.” Therefore, when the boy was seven years old, he allowed his son to leave home.
After the boy left the home life, he concentrated on reciting the Dharma Flower Sutra. He built a hut for cultivation called the Dharma Flower Vihāra, in which he recited the Dharma Flower Sutra for more than ten years. One day a woman came carrying a basket with a white piglet and two garlic bulbs in it. She was wearing eye-catching clothes and appeared to be a promiscuous woman. She wanted to stay overnight at the vihāra, explaining that she had been searching for medicinal herbs in the mountains all day but had not found any. She was afraid of wolves, insects, tigers, and other wild beasts that roamed about those mountains, so she was persistent in wanting to stay. Dharma Master Tanyi refused. “I cannot allow a woman to stay here. Go find some other place.” There was no other place nearby, however, so she was determined to stay with him.
There was no way for him to convince her to leave, so he had no choice but to let her spend the night on a heap of hay. That night, something very strange happened. In the middle of the night, the woman started crying and complaining that her stomach hurt. She insisted that he come help her massage her stomach. What do you think he did in the face of such a demonic obstacle? He wrapped his staff in a cloth and rubbed her stomach with the staff from a distance. That way he did not have to touch her. In a while she felt better.
The next day at dawn, the woman rose up into space, her brightly colored clothes turned into five-colored auspicious clouds, her white piglet turned into an elephant, and the two cloves of garlic turned into two lotuses; the elephant sat on one, and her feet rested on the other. She spoke to him from space, saying, “You have cultivated well. I am Universal Worthy Bodhisattva. In a few days, you are due to join my Dharma assembly, so I decided to test you in advance. Your Bodhi resolve is really firm. You have passed my test, and in the future you will be one of my retinue.” Then auspicious light radiated throughout empty space. The emperor saw it, too, and later built the Dharma Flower Monastery there.
Think about it: A pheasant heard the Dharma Flower Sūtra and invoked such a great response. If we people hear the Dharma Flower Sūtra, we should invoke an even greater response.
Let me tell you another story. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Liang dynasty in China, there was a bhikṣuṇī by the name of Daoji [Aiding the Way]. Her other name was Zongchi [Total Retention]. She was a disciple of Patriarch Bodhidharma, and she lived alone in a hut for her entire life reciting the Dharma Flower Sūtra. When she died, they buried her next to the little hut. After seven or eight years, a blue lotus grew out of her grave. When the emperor found out about this, he came to see it and ordered the grave opened so that he could see where the blue lotus had grown from. They found it growing from her mouth. This is inconceivable! Why did the blue lotus grow out of her mouth? It was because she recited the Dharma Flower Sutra when she was alive. This is an example of the inconceivable consequences of reciting the Dharma Flower Sūtra.
There was another bhikṣuṇī named Huashou [Flower Hands]. She staunchly upheld the precepts, never breaking any of them. She also recited the Dharma Flower Sutra. Every time she finished reciting one roll of the Dharma Flower Sutra, a lotus would appear on the lines of her hand. As she recited the sūtra all her life, there were blue lotuses all over her hands. The emperor asked her to visit him, and when he saw all the lotuses on her hands, he gave her the name Flower Hands.
These are some of the inconceivable events that have occurred in China as a result of people reciting the Dharma Flower Sutra. To say nothing of hearing me explain the entire sūtra, just hearing the name of the Dharma Flower Sūtra means that one has great good roots.
You ask, “Well then, do all of us who are listening now have good roots?”
Of course! If you did not have good roots, you would not even be able to walk in the door. Or you might walk in but immediately want to run off. You would not be able to stay very long. It is not that simple. The value of the Dharma Flower Sūtra is inconceivable. This current lecture series on the Dharma Flower Sūtra is also inconceivable.
There was also a Dharma master named Fayun who specialized in lecturing on the Dharma Flower Sūtra. He was wonderfully eloquent and intelligent. He lectured extremely well. Another monk made a vow to make offerings to this Dharma master. He also vowed that in every life he would be just like Dharma Master Fayun, including having the same appearance, same eloquence, and making the same vow. That night he had a dream in which a voice said, “Do not think it is easy to be like him. He has been lecturing on the Dharma Flower Sūtra since the time of Buddha Lamp Shining with the Brightness of Sun and Moon. This is not something he has just picked up. That is why he is so incredibly good at it. If you want to be like him, it will take much time and work.” The lecturing of this sūtra is also a wonderful practice that is difficult to encounter.
Myōhō Renge Kyō Promise for June 28, 2025
When they expound Myōhō Renge Kyō to the great multitude
And lead them
By telling them the stories of previous lives, parables, and similes
With their deep, pure and wonderful voices,
The hearers will rejoice
And make excellent offerings to them.All gods, dragons,
Yakṣas and asuras
Will come together
And hear the Dharma respectfully.
Tao-sheng: Gaining Uncelled Bodhi
Tao-sheng Commentary on the Lotus Sutra, p304Bodhisattva-mahāsattvas as many as the particles of earth of one thousand Sumeru-worlds obtained the faculty of attaining Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi after eight rebirths. Bodhisattva-mahāsattvas four times the number of the particles of earth of the four continents obtained the faculty of attaining Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi after four rebirths. Bodhisattva-mahāsattvas three times the number of the particles of earth of the four continents obtained the faculty of attaining Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi after three rebirths. Bodhisattva-mahāsattvas twice the number of the particles of earth of the four continents obtained the faculty of attaining Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi after two rebirths. Bodhisattva-mahāsattvas as many as the particles of earth of the four continents obtained the faculty of attaining Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi immediately after this life. Living beings as many as the particles of earth of eight Sumeru-worlds aspired for Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi.”
In [the phrase] were destined after eight rebirths to gain the unexcelled bodhi (Anuttara-samyak-saṃbodhi), this [eight rebirths] refers to the eighth stage. Because for one who is beyond the eighth stage there is no more reincarnation, how can it be known whether his wisdom is bright or dark? Therefore, by resorting to eight rebirths [instead of “stages”], [the Buddha makes beings] realize that the Buddha shall have been gone a long time before. “One rebirth” is the number through which Maitreya, for example, is destined to go. Likewise there may be two [rebirths] or three, up to eight. Eight refers to many births. Many births, hence, they know, or they may also be ignorant of it. [The Buddha] does not speak of ten rebirths, because ten is one ultimate of numbers, with the meaning of “a great many,” and he intends to show that the bodhisattvas still have some delusions and instigators of depravities left, a little short [of annihilation]. Hence, eight is resorted to. [The Buddha] goes directly to “four births” without mentioning six [rebirths], wishing to demonstrate that the sūtra is so profound and deep, darkly drawing one to enlightenment and entrance into reality. [The bodhisattvas who are in the stages] from transcendence to four rebirths reveal this intent. The fact that from four rebirths to one rebirth they proceed by degrees without skipping steps has the implication that li becomes [increasingly] wondrous [as they proceed]. That those who are enlightened also [gradually] become less [in number], and that it is hard to quickly attain [enlightenment], attests to this idea.