Seven Types of Arrogance

What are the seven types of arrogance and what are the seven parables that act as their antidotes?

  1. The arrogance [of the type of person who] perversely seeks merit [for a prominent position]. That is to say, although [the kind of merit this type of person seeks] is only the highest type of worldly defilements and impurities, he [still wishes to accumulate it because he] seeks the result with outflows of the sublime realm of the heavenly beings. It should be known that “The Parable of the Burning House” is given as the antidote to this.
  2. The arrogance of the disciples who believe they have the highest attainment. They say to themselves, “There is no difference between our vehicle and the vehicle of the tathāgatas.” It should be known that “The Parable of the Prodigal Son” is given as the antidote to this misconception.
  3. The arrogance of the determination of [those affiliated with] the Great Vehicle who give rise to this thought: “[Our vehicle] and the vehicles of the disciples and of the self-enlightened buddhas are not separate.” It should be known that “The Parable of the Cloud and Rain” is given as the antidote to this misconception.
  4. The arrogance [of those who] refer to what is actually nothing as something. Having [attained] mundane meditative trances and meditational attainments, they form the notion [that what they have attained is] nirvana, [though] [what they have] actually [attained] is not nirvana. It should be known that “The Parable of the Phantom City” is given as the antidote to this misconception.
  5. The arrogance [of those who] are distracted and have no firm establishment in reality. Although in the past they planted the roots of good merit in the Great Vehicle, they do not realize it. Since they do not realize it, they do not seek the Great Vehicle. From their irresoluteness they produce a false comprehension, and refer to [their way as] the “ultimate vehicle.” It should be known that “The Parable of the Concealed Jewel” is given as the antidote to this misconception.
  6. The arrogance of [those who think that which has no merit] actually has merit. When such people hear the teaching of the Great Vehicle, [although it has merit] they take up that which does not pertain to the Great Vehicle. It should be known that “The Parable of the Crest Jewel” is given as the antidote to this misconception.
  7. The arrogance of [those who think that which has merit] actually has no merit. Such people do not cultivate the roots of good merit in the ultimate vehicle, and when they hear about it they do not consider it the ultimate one. It should be known that “The Parable of the Excellent Physician” is given as the antidote to this misconception.
Vasubandhu's Commentary on the Lotus Sutra, p 138-139